Chemistry (Chang), 10th Edition

Chapter 23: Nuclear Chemistry

Self Assessment A

1
An atom of 206Pb has:
A)82 protons, 124 neutrons, and 82 electrons
B)124 protons, 82 neutrons, and 82 electrons
C)124 protons, 82 neutrons, and 124 electrons
D)82 protons, 82 neutrons, 124 electrons
2
Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

64Cu ----> + β + ?
A)63Zn
B)63Ni
C)64Zn
D)64Ni
E)63Cu
3
Which of the following isotopes is least likely to be stable?
A)40Ca
B)32S
C)30Al
D)55Mn
E)119Sn
4
What is the total binding energy of 12C?
[12C atomic mass = 12.000 amu; mass of proton = 1.007825 amu;
mass of neutron = 1.008665 amu; 1 kg = 6.022 x 1026amu;
1 J = 1 (kg·m2)/s2]
A)1.80 x 10-9 J
B)1.48 x 10-8 J
C)3.60 x 10-9 J
D)8.91 x 1015 J
5
If 30% of a certain radioisotope decays in 5.0 years, what is the half-life of the isotope?
A)10.0 yr
B)9.7 yr
C)5.4 yr
D)5.0 yr
E)2.4 yr
6
The half-life of Sr-90 is 29 years. What fraction of the atoms in a sample would remain after 100 years?
A)0.092
B)0.166
C)0.062
D)0.024
E)10.9
7
When an aluminum-27 atom is bombarded with an alpha particle, a neutron and an isotope of phosphorus is produced. What is the mass number of the isotope?
A)28
B)29
C)30
D)31
E)32
8
Complete the following nuclear equation: 9Be(p,α)___.
A)9B
B)10B
C)4Li
D)6Li
9
Which of the following is the least penetrating of the three types of nuclear radiation?
A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
10
Gamma-rays and X-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by:
A)removing electrons
B)forming radicals
C)inducing other nuclear reactions
D)A and B
E)A and C
11
Why is carbon dating possible?
A)The amount of C-12 is not variable in living organisms.
B)There is a constant ratio of C-12 to C-14 in living organisms but the ratio changes at a predictable rate after an organism dies.
C)The amount of C-14 is constant in living organisms.
D)None of the above.
12
What is the chemical basis of radiation damage?
A)The ability to remove electrons from atoms and molecules and form ions and radicals
B)The ability to transfer energy
C)The ability to stabilize other ions
D)None of the above
13
What is a major difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
A)Nuclear fission uses electrons to break nuclei, while nuclear fusion uses neutrons to break nuclei.
B)Nuclear fission uses neutrons to break nuclei, while nuclear fusion adjoins two nuclei.
C)Nuclear fission reactors are not commercially available, while nuclear fusion reactors are.
D)None of the above
14
Chemical and nuclear reactions are similar in many ways.
A)True
B)False
15
What are magic numbers with reference to nuclear stability?
A)The number of nuclear particles of elements not located in the belt of stability
B)The number of nuclear particles of radioactive elements
C)The number of nuclear particles in generally more stable nuclei
D)None of the above
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe