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1 | | Of these intertidal habitats, which would be the most difficult to study? |
| | A) | wave-swept rocks at high tide |
| | B) | A deep pool at low tide |
| | C) | A muddy bay with low oxygen in the sediment |
| | D) | A flat sandy beach in a bay |
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2 | | If a biologist wants to study the life of tide pools, he would be wise to visit which state? |
| | A) | Texas |
| | B) | Virginia |
| | C) | Washington |
| | D) | Vermont |
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3 | | Rocky intertidal species exposed to air cope with potential desiccation by all of these means except which one? |
| | A) | Avoiding the hot sun by moving or growing in damp crevices |
| | B) | Sealing up shells and over coverings to prevent water loss |
| | C) | Having a tolerance for losing up to 90% of the body water |
| | D) | Having brown shells |
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4 | | The largest high-to-low range of the tide would occur during a spring tide. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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5 | | Deposit feeders are very common in rocky intertidal areas due to the high amount of detritus trapped in the rocks. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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6 | | Nutrients from seawater are generally the key limiting resource in the rocky intertidal zone. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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7 | | In the middle rocky intertidal, disturbances such as wave action always reduce the diversity by removing species. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | | Tide pools at the highest tide levels may be inhabited only by bacterial films. Why might this be so? |
| | A) | Grazing snails do not range into the highest tidal levels. |
| | B) | The animals of the upper intertidal zone cannot survive total emersion in seawater. |
| | C) | The water in the pools can evaporate, making the pools hypersaline. |
| | D) | Nothing eats bacteria. |
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9 | | At low tide, which of these intertidal animals would be the most difficult to observe? |
| | A) | A chiton that lives on rocks |
| | B) | A mussel living in surf-swept areas |
| | C) | A crab that retreats into a burrow |
| | D) | A limpet that lives under algae |
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10 | | In a rocky intertidal area, an observer probably could find the most filter-feeding barnacles in which area? |
| | A) | Quiet silty pool |
| | B) | Ocean-facing mid-tidal rock |
| | C) | Upper part of a surf-swept cliff |
| | D) | Under seaweeds |
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11 | | In the lowest intertidal zone, seaweeds can eliminate other competing seaweeds by |
| | A) | Having more larval stages. |
| | B) | Shading them so that the competing species cannot carry on photosynthesis. |
| | C) | Attaching to them. |
| | D) | Being able to tolerate harsher environmental conditions. |
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12 | | The lower rocky intertidal zone is dominated by lichens and cyanobacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | | Seaweeds grow well in some soft-bottom communities because their holdfasts grip the sediment well. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | | Many marine animals in soft-bottom communities specialize as herbivores on the abundant mats of diatoms that often grow there. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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15 | | An example of sessile epifauna would be a |
| | A) | Barnacle. |
| | B) | Starfish. |
| | C) | Periwinkle. |
| | D) | Soft-shelled clam. |
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16 | | Which feature is not found in organisms exposed to wave shock? |
| | A) | Strong anchorage system |
| | B) | Low body profile |
| | C) | Suction cup |
| | D) | Tolerance of low oxygen levels |
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17 | | Feeding by sea stars benefits |
| | A) | Mussels, by reducing the number of algal competitors. |
| | B) | Lobsters, by reducing the numbers of mussels. |
| | C) | Barnacles, by reducing the numbers of dog whelks. |
| | D) | Periwinkles, by reducing the numbers of unicorn snails. |
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18 | | Animals of the upper sandy beach generally feed |
| | A) | On dune plants. |
| | B) | On diatoms. |
| | C) | By scavenging. |
| | D) | By filtering the water at high tide. |
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19 | | Polychaete worms with long, sticky tentacles feed by |
| | A) | Catching particles from the water column. |
| | B) | Producing a mucus net. |
| | C) | Spreading the tentacles on the bottom and catching particles there. |
| | D) | Pumping water through siphons. |
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20 | | A burrowing worm is colored bright red. What might be the reason for this? |
| | A) | Warning coloration |
| | B) | It's nocturnal |
| | C) | It contains hemoglobin |
| | D) | Mate attraction |
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21 | | Some snails use a light-colored operculum to reflect sunlight in hot intertidal habitats. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | | Intertidal algae tend to be rigid in order to withstand wave shock. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | | Intertidal barnacles anchor themselves to the rock using a foot-like tissue with powerful suction. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | | Most rocky intertidal species disperse via larvae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | | Caging experiments have shown that mussels are superior to algae as competitors for space, and algae may only "win" the competition if there is high predation of the mussels. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | | Periwinkles (Littorina) often dominate the upper rocky intertidal because they can breathe air and tolerate extreme temperatures. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | | Little gray barnacles tend to grow in a band above rock barnacles in the rocky intertidal because their larvae settle above those of the latter. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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28 | | If limpets graze on newly settled larvae and spores, succession may never pass the bacteria and algal film stage. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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29 | | Calm, sheltered areas tend to have muddy bottoms, while sedimented areas with higher currents and waves tend to be more sandy. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30 | | The presence of hydrogen sulfide in marine sediments indicates the presence of anaerobic bacteria and low oxygen. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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31 | | Burrowing clams use their feet to rock their shells back and forth to dig a hole. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | | Upper zones of sandy beaches are dominated by crustaceans that eat smaller animals, detritus, and other dead matter. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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33 | | An important discovery of the PISCO study is that |
| | A) | Intertidal organisms do not show patterns of zonation. |
| | B) | Distributions of individual species are more uniform than previously thought. |
| | C) | Coastal upwelling influences predation and grazing. |
| | D) | Coastal communities are more or less the same over very large areas of coast. |
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