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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

The Chemistry of Life

Chapter Quiz


1	The smallest form of a chemical substance that still retains its chemical identity is called a(n) __________.
		A)	atom
		B)	electron
		C)	molecule
		D)	element


2	How many elements are considered essential to life at the present time?
		A)	25
		B)	30
		C)	16
		D)	20


3	True or false. Generally speaking, trace elements are not as important to the cell as are bulk elements.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	True or false. The charge of a proton is positive, while the charge of an electron is negative.
		A)	True
		B)	False


5	Iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic mass of 56. The number of protons is __________.
		A)	26
		B)	30
		C)	56
		D)	82


6	Isotopes of an element vary in the number of ____________.
		A)	protons
		B)	electrons
		C)	neutrons
		D)	Isotopes may vary in any of these particles.


7	True or false. The properties of a compound are similar to those of its constitutive elements.
		A)	True
		B)	False


8	If six molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) react with six molecules of water (H2O), how many atoms of oxygen will need to be represented on the right side of the equation?
		A)	18
		B)	36
		C)	9
		D)	12


9	The number of valence shell electrons determines ______________.
		A)	the atom’s reactive properties
		B)	the nature of the chemical bonds it forms
		C)	the column of the periodic table in which it will be located
		D)	All of these are correct.


10	The first energy shell contains _________.
		A)	one dumb-bell-shaped orbital
		B)	one spherical orbital
		C)	three dumb-bell-shaped orbitals
		D)	one spherical and three dumb-bell-shaped orbitals


11	What is the total number of electrons that can be held in the second energy shell?
		A)	32
		B)	18
		C)	8
		D)	2


12	Chemical bonds in which there is a sharing of electrons are called __________ .
		A)	covalent bonds
		B)	ionic bonds
		C)	hydrogen bonds
		D)	van der Waals attractions


13	Which of these properties of water is important for living organisms?
		A)	cohesion
		B)	adhesion
		C)	solvent
		D)	All of these are correct.


14	True or false. Solutions that add H+ to a solution are considered acids.
		A)	True
		B)	False


15	A solution with a pH of 14 ______________.
		A)	has a high H+ concentration
		B)	is neutral
		C)	has a low H+ concentration
		D)	is acidic


16	Substances that resist large changes in pH are called ___________.
		A)	acids
		B)	buffers
		C)	bases
		D)	resistant


17	True or false. A number of temperature-related characteristics of water, such as high heat or vaporization, are important to living organisms.
		A)	True
		B)	False


18	The building blocks, or monomers, of the larger carbohydrates are _______________.
		A)	oligosaccharides
		B)	triglycerides
		C)	amino acids
		D)	monosaccharides


19	True or false. Two or more monomers are joined into a polymer by hydrolysis.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	Which of these molecules is not a lipid?
		A)	sterols
		B)	waxes
		C)	triglycerides
		D)	chitin


21	Special proteins responsible for catalyzing reactions in the cell are called ____________.
		A)	polypeptides
		B)	kinases
		C)	enzymes
		D)	reactants


22	The variable portion of an amino acid is its ___________.
		A)	amino group
		B)	R group
		C)	carboxyl group
		D)	All of these can be variable.


23	The nucleotide found in RNA but not DNA is ___________.
		A)	thymine
		B)	adenine
		C)	uracil
		D)	cytosine


24	True or False. DNA is the genetic material of the cell.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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