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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

The Endocrine System

Chapter Quiz


1	____________ are chemicals that travel in body fluids to influence the activity of other cells in a different part of the body.
		A)	Neurotransmitters
		B)	Pheromones
		C)	Hormones
		D)	All of these are correct.


2	What are the chemicals that are secreted by one organism that elicit a physiological response in another individual of the same species?
		A)	Neurotransmitters
		B)	Pheromones
		C)	Hormones
		D)	All of these are correct.


3	What cells respond to a particular hormone?
		A)	target cells
		B)	skin cells
		C)	intestinal cells
		D)	all cells respond equally


4	True or false. The endocrine system is the body’s only communication system.
		A)	True
		B)	False


5	True or false. Peptide hormones enter the nucleus of the cell and activate its DNA.
		A)	True
		B)	False


6	____________ is a common second messenger, the formation of which triggers a cascade of biochemical events in a cell.
		A)	ATP
		B)	Kinase
		C)	Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
		D)	Phosphokinase


7	What type of hormones activate protein synthesis in a cell?
		A)	protein
		B)	peptide
		C)	steroid
		D)	amino acid


8	True or false. Levels of all circulating hormones are controlled by negative feedback.
		A)	True
		B)	False


9	Hormones in invertebrates control what phenomenon?
		A)	molting and metamorphosis
		B)	gonad maturation
		C)	blood sugar level
		D)	All of these are correct.


10	Human females are _________ ovulators.
		A)	seasonal
		B)	cyclic
		C)	induced
		D)	All of these are correct.


11	The neuroendocrine center of the brain is the ____________.
		A)	hypothalamus
		B)	thalamus
		C)	pituitary
		D)	thyroid


12	True or false. The hypothalamus controls releases of hormones from the posterior pituitary using tropic hormones.
		A)	True
		B)	False


13	Which of the following hormones are released by the anterior pituitary?
		A)	thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH)
		B)	growth hormone (GH)
		C)	prolactin (PRL)
		D)	All of these are correct.


14	What structure actually produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
		A)	adrenal glands
		B)	hypothalamus
		C)	posterior pituitary
		D)	anterior pituitary


15	Hypothyroidism that results from a low level of __________ in the diet produces a goiter.
		A)	calcium
		B)	potassium
		C)	iodine
		D)	chloride


16	True or false. Excess parathyroid hormone is responsible for a condition known as osteoporosis
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	What class of hormones is responsible for the body’s response to prolonged stress?
		A)	mineral corticoids
		B)	gonadocorticoids
		C)	glucocorticoids
		D)	All of these are correct.


18	True or false. The adrenal cortex releases small amounts of male hormones in females.
		A)	True
		B)	False


19	What hormone regulates the rate of nutrient absorption into the bloodstream?
		A)	somatostatin
		B)	insulin
		C)	glucagon
		D)	All of these are correct.


20	True or false. The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin that is associated with light-dark cycles.
		A)	True
		B)	False


21	True or false. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is released only by the ovaries.
		A)	True
		B)	False


22	_____________ function at the site they are released.
		A)	Prostaglandins
		B)	Steroid hormones
		C)	Mineralocorticoids
		D)	Glucocorticoids

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