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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

The Respiratory System

Chapter Quiz


1	True or false. The particles of cigarette smoke clog the alveoli in the lungs.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	External respiration is the exchange of gases between the ____________.
		A)	air and respiratory surfaces
		B)	respiratory surfaces and blood
		C)	blood and cells


3	True or false. An aquatic organism requires a smaller respiratory surface that a terrestrial animal of similar size.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	Animals that exchange gases through body surfaces alone include all of these except __________.
		A)	cnidarians
		B)	flatworms
		C)	sea anemones
		D)	insects


5	What organisms have a tracheal respiratory system?
		A)	flatworms
		B)	centipedes
		C)	jellyfish
		D)	frogs


6	True or false. Countercurrent flow maximizes the amount of oxygen that can be extracted from water using gills.
		A)	True
		B)	False


7	What trend in lung design is evident in the evolutionary sequence from amphibians to reptiles to birds to mammals?
		A)	increased surface area
		B)	capillary networks
		C)	lungs inside body
		D)	All of these are correct.


8	What is the function of the nose in the respiratory system?
		A)	filtration
		B)	warming
		C)	humidifying
		D)	All of these are correct.


9	True or false. Cigarette smoke disrupts all the vital functions of the nose.
		A)	True
		B)	False


10	The _________ prevents food from entering the respiratory system.
		A)	pharynx
		B)	larynx
		C)	glottis
		D)	epiglottis


11	True or false. Cilia line the bronchial tree.
		A)	True
		B)	False


12	Alveoli are kept open by _____________.
		A)	air pressure
		B)	water
		C)	human lung surfactant
		D)	bronchiole tubes


13	True or false. Each human lung is divided into three lobes.
		A)	True
		B)	False


14	The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by _____________.
		A)	a muscular diaphragm
		B)	the ribcage
		C)	surfactant
		D)	None of these is correct.


15	The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath is _____________.
		A)	dead space
		B)	residual air
		C)	tidal volume
		D)	vital capacity


16	Oxygen is carried in the blood bound to _____________.
		A)	hemoglobin in plasma
		B)	hemolymph
		C)	myoglobin
		D)	hemoglobin in red blood cells


17	What enzyme is responsible for speeding up the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ion?
		A)	carbonic anhydrase
		B)	carbonic lipase
		C)	bicarbonate anhydrase
		D)	bicarbonate lipase


18	Why is carbon monoxide so deadly?
		A)	acts as a systemic poison
		B)	slows speed of carbonic anhydrase
		C)	binds more readily to hemoglobin, blocking oxygen transport
		D)	inhibits release of surfactant


19	What part of the brain is responsible for the control of respiration?
		A)	cerebral cortex
		B)	medulla
		C)	cerebellum
		D)	hypothalamus


20	Breathing rate is regulated in the medulla based on the concentration of ___________ in the blood.
		A)	oxygen
		B)	chlorine ion
		C)	carbon dioxide
		D)	None of these is correct.

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