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Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology, 9/e

David Shier, Washtenaw Community College
Ricki Lewis, The University at Albany
Jackie Butler, Grayson County Community College

Cardiovascular System

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions


1	Where is the heart specifically located?
		A)	thoracic cavity
		B)	mediastinum
		C)	pleural cavity
		D)	ventral cavity


2	The apical heartbeat in an adult is best heard at the level of the _____.
		A)	diaphragm
		B)	first rib
		C)	fifth intercostal space
		D)	seventh intercostal space


3	The membrane closest to the heart muscle is the _____.
		A)	fibrous pericardium
		B)	visceral pericardium
		C)	parietal pericardium
		D)	peritoneum


4	What is a prominent symptom of pericarditis?
		A)	increase in blood pressure
		B)	an irregular heart beat
		C)	severe chest pain
		D)	high fever


5	Which part of the heart is usually damaged by scarlet fever or syphilis?
		A)	pericardium
		B)	myocardium
		C)	epicardium
		D)	endocardium


6	The atrioventricular sulcus separates the _____.
		A)	atria and ventricle areas
		B)	right from left ventricle
		C)	right atrium from right ventricle
		D)	right from left atrium


7	Blood from the cardiac muscle itself drains into the _____.
		A)	superior vena cava
		B)	left ventricles
		C)	right ventricle
		D)	coronary sinus


8	The superior vena cava enters the _____ of the heart.
		A)	right ventricle
		B)	right atrium
		C)	left atrium
		D)	left ventricle


9	Mitral valve prolapse is a condition, which causes blood to back flow into the _____.
		A)	right atrium
		B)	right ventricle
		C)	left atrium
		D)	left ventricle


10	The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents back flow of blood into the _____.
		A)	right atrium
		B)	left atrium
		C)	right ventricle
		D)	left ventricle


11	Which of the following contains blood with a relatively high oxygen content?
		A)	left ventricle
		B)	right ventricle
		C)	right atrium
		D)	superior vena cava


12	Which of the following contains blood with a relatively low oxygen content?
		A)	left ventricle
		B)	aorta
		C)	pulmonary vein
		D)	pulmonary artery


13	Which of the following does not belong with the others?
		A)	right coronary artery
		B)	left coronary artery
		C)	circumflex artery
		D)	anterior interventricular artery


14	Which term indicates that tissue in the heart has died?
		A)	coronary thrombosis
		B)	angina pectoris
		C)	ischemia
		D)	infarction


15	Which term refers to the severe chest pain evident during an attack of myocardial ischemia?
		A)	hypoxia
		B)	infarction
		C)	angina
		D)	diaphoresis


16	When does blood flow into the coronary arteries?
		A)	during ventricular contraction
		B)	during atrial contraction
		C)	when the heart is at rest
		D)	during ventricular relaxation


17	About _____% of the atrial blood flows into the ventricles before the atria contract.
		A)	10
		B)	70
		C)	50
		D)	30


18	The atria will empty during ______.
		A)	atrial diastole
		B)	atrial systole
		C)	ventricular diastole
		D)	ventricular systole


19	The first heart sound results when the _____.
		A)	ventricle contracts
		B)	semilunar valves close
		C)	A-V valves close
		D)	atria contract


20	A stethoscope placed at the tip of the sternum will best be able to detect which sound?
		A)	tricuspid valve
		B)	bicuspid valve
		C)	aortic
		D)	pulmonary


21	Which fiber system is the first to depolarize in a cardiac cycle?
		A)	atrioventricular node
		B)	sinoatrial node
		C)	bundle of His
		D)	Purkinje fibers


22	Which chamber of the heart contains the pacemaker?
		A)	right ventricle
		B)	right atrium
		C)	left ventricle
		D)	left atrium


23	The _____ allows the atria to communicate with the ventricles.
		A)	SA node
		B)	A-V bundle
		C)	A-V node
		D)	Purkinje fibers


24	Which part of the heart is the last to become excited during a cardiac cycle.
		A)	apex
		B)	atria
		C)	ventricular septum
		D)	superior ventricular region


25	Which area allows the atria to completely empty as the ventricles fill with blood?
		A)	A-V node
		B)	A-V bundle
		C)	S-A node
		D)	Purkinje fibers


26	The cardiac reflex control centers are located within the _____.
		A)	hypothalamus
		B)	medulla oblongata
		C)	aorta
		D)	heart


27	The pressoreceptors located in the _____ respond to stretching by slower the rate of the heart.
		A)	medulla
		B)	aortic sinus
		C)	jugular vein
		D)	heart


28	The purpose of the medullary cardiac centers is to _____.
		A)	increase heart rate
		B)	decrease heart rate
		C)	maintain heart rate
		D)	maintain blood pressure


29	The increase in heart rate caused by seeing a wild dog run after you is probably the result of the _____.
		A)	medullary accelerator center
		B)	hypothalamus
		C)	sympathetic nerves
		D)	increase in blood pressure


30	Where does the repolarization of the atria occur?
		A)	P wave
		B)	QRS complex
		C)	T wave
		D)	U wave


31	The time taken for an impulse to travel from the S-A to the A-V node is evidenced in the _____.
		A)	QRS complex
		B)	S-T interval
		C)	P-Q interval
		D)	QRS-T interval


32	The most serious and life threatening arrhythmia of the heart is _____.
		A)	tachycardia
		B)	bradycardia
		C)	flutter
		D)	fibrillation


33	An ectopic pacemaker causes the arrhythmia called a _____.
		A)	flutter
		B)	premature beat
		C)	fibrillation
		D)	bradycardia event


34	The _____ layer of an artery contains the greatest amount of smooth muscle.
		A)	endothelium
		B)	tunica intima
		C)	tunica media
		D)	tunica adventitia


35	Which of the following does not have the ability to contract?
		A)	veins
		B)	arteries
		C)	venules
		D)	capillaries


36	Which capillary beds have the greatest permeability?
		A)	liver
		B)	smooth muscle
		C)	pancreas
		D)	heart


37	Which area contains the tightest capillary endothelial junctions?
		A)	spleen
		B)	skeletal muscle
		C)	brain
		D)	thyroid gland


38	Which of these areas totally lack capillaries?
		A)	spinal cord
		B)	cartilage
		C)	dermis
		D)	gall bladder


39	Which factor assists venous return to the heart?
		A)	valves
		B)	inspiration
		C)	skeletal muscle
		D)	all of these


40	The highest pressure exerted by the heart is called the _____.
		A)	systolic pressure
		B)	diastolic pressure
		C)	pulse pressure
		D)	mean arterial pressure


41	The condition called _____ is characterized by some defect or weakness in a vessel wall.
		A)	phlebitis
		B)	aneurysm
		C)	arteriosclerosis
		D)	atherosclerosis


42	The obstructive accumulation of cholesterol in a vessel is the result of _____.
		A)	arteriosclerosis
		B)	phlebitis
		C)	atherosclerosis
		D)	plaque


43	The average blood pressure in an artery is the _____.
		A)	diastolic
		B)	systolic
		C)	120/80 mmHg
		D)	mean arterial


44	The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute is calculated from which formula?
		A)	heart rate + stroke volume
		B)	heart rate X stroke volume
		C)	heart rate divided by stroke volume
		D)	heart rate - stroke volume


45	The three factors that contribute to arterial blood pressure are cardiac output, blood volume and _____.
		A)	viscosity
		B)	resistance
		C)	valves
		D)	heart rate


46	The central venous pressure is the pressure in the _____.
		A)	superior vena cava
		B)	right atrium
		C)	left atrium
		D)	jugular veins


47	Which are the first vessels to branch off the aorta?
		A)	right subclavian
		B)	left subclavian
		C)	brachiocephalic
		D)	coronary arteries


48	The three arteries that arise from the aortic arch are the left subclavian, left common carotid and _____.
		A)	right subclavian
		B)	right common carotid
		C)	brachiocephalic
		D)	celiac


49	The combination of the gastric, splenic, and hepatic arteries forms the _____.
		A)	superior mesenteric
		B)	celiac
		C)	splanchnic
		D)	inferior mesenteric


50	The diaphragm is supplied by the _____ artery.
		A)	phrenic
		B)	suprarenal
		C)	adrenal
		D)	gonadal


51	The following vessels will direct blood to the brain except which one?
		A)	common carotid
		B)	internal carotid
		C)	vertebral
		D)	jugular


52	The brachial artery divides into the radial and _____.
		A)	axillary
		B)	ulnar
		C)	cephalic
		D)	subclavian


53	The _____ will send blood into the femoral artery.
		A)	external iliac
		B)	internal iliac
		C)	pudendal
		D)	popliteal


54	The _____ vein represents a functional connection between the superior and inferior vena cavae.
		A)	thoracic
		B)	azygos
		C)	intercostal
		D)	cephalic


55	The superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the _____ vein.
		A)	hepatic
		B)	hepatic portal
		C)	gastric
		D)	inferior mesenteric


56	The longest vein in the body is the _____.
		A)	femoral
		B)	gluteal
		C)	brachial
		D)	saphenous


57	In an ECG, where does the depolarization of the atria occur?
		A)	P wave
		B)	QRS complex
		C)	T wave
		D)	U wave

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