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Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 4/e

Rod R. Seeley, Idaho State University
Philip Tate, Phoenix College
Trent D. Stephens, Idaho State University

The Endocrine System

Feedback Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions


1	Chemical signals released by cells that have a local effect on the same cell type are called
		A)	autocrine chemical signals.
		B)	paracrine chemical signals.
		C)	hormones.
		D)	neurohormones.
		E)	pheromones.


2	Which of these is NOT a response that occurs when an intercellular chemical signal binds to a membrane-bound receptor?
		A)	Ion channels open or close
		B)	activated G proteins activate enzymes that produce intracellular messengers
		C)	the chemical signal and receptor bind to DNA in the nucleus
		D)	enzymes at the inner surface of the cell are directly activated
		E)	enzymes add phosphate groups to certain proteins in the cell


3	Hormones
		A)	are secreted in large amounts.
		B)	travel through a duct.
		C)	act on local tissues only.
		D)	are transported by the circulatory system.
		E)	bind to all of the cells in the body.


4	The secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary is controlled by
		A)	positive-feedback.
		B)	glucose in the blood.
		C)	neurohormones.
		D)	action potentials from the posterior pituitary.
		E)	the hypothalamic-pituitary tract.


5	Posterior pituitary hormones are actually produced in the
		A)	anterior pituitary.
		B)	cerebellum.
		C)	medulla oblongata.
		D)	hypothalamus.
		E)	thyroid gland.


6	Iodine deficiency causes goiter (thyroid enlargement) because
		A)	iodine is required for producing TSH.
		B)	decreased T3 and T4 are produced, reducing negative feedback on TSH.
		C)	decreased amounts of TRH are produced.
		D)	T3 and T4 are produced without iodine, which causes thyroid cells to enlarge.
		E)	all of these.


7	Which of these anterior pituitary hormones causes secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex?
		A)	GH
		B)	ACTH
		C)	TSH
		D)	prolactin
		E)	FSH


8	The hormone that causes increased water reabsorption by kidney tubules:
		A)	GH
		B)	ACTH
		C)	prolactin
		D)	calcitonin
		E)	ADH


9	Hyposecretion of growth hormone produces
		A)	acromegaly.
		B)	a pituitary dwarf.
		C)	cretinism.
		D)	giantism.
		E)	somatomedin secretion.


10	Hypersecretion of PTH (parathyroid hormone) causes
		A)	soft, flexible bones.
		B)	muscular cramps or tetanus.
		C)	decreased blood calcium levels.
		D)	reduced vitamin D formation.
		E)	all of these


11	The adrenal medulla is stimulated by
		A)	the anterior pituitary gland.
		B)	the sympathetic division of the ANS.
		C)	the posterior pituitary gland.
		D)	PTH.
		E)	T3 and T4.


12	Cortisol
		A)	is stimulated by TSH.
		B)	decreases breakdown of protein and fat.
		C)	decreases blood glucose and fatty acids.
		D)	has anti-inflammatory effects.
		E)	all of these


13	Which of these symptoms occurs if there is hypersecretion of aldosterone?
		A)	high levels of sodium in the blood
		B)	high levels of potassium in the blood
		C)	decreased blood volume
		D)	decreased blood pressure
		E)	all of these


14	Insulin
		A)	is secreted by alpha cells in the pancreatic islets.
		B)	is secreted in response to low blood glucose levels.
		C)	increases breakdown of fat and protein
		D)	if produced in too large an amount, causes diabetes mellitus.
		E)	causes blood glucose levels to decrease.


15	Which of these glands produces melatonin?
		A)	thymus gland
		B)	pineal body
		C)	pancreas
		D)	testes and ovaries
		E)	adrenal cortex

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