Psychoanalytic approaches to personality: Classical |  |
Learning ObjectivesUpon completing this chapter, you will be able to:
| Discuss Freud's analogy that the human mind is like a "hydraulic" system operating by internal pressure. |
| Discuss Freud's conception of instinct and the role instincts play in human nature and human personality. Review the basic instincts of sex and aggression. |
| Discuss how Freud's conceptualization of the basic instincts changed, from a focus on sexual and aggressive instincts to the instincts of libido and thanatos. |
| Discuss Freud's ideas about unconscious motivation and the key idea that we don't always know why we do what we do. |
| Identify and discuss each of the three parts of the human mind, as presented by Freud. Include a review of the functions and operations of each of these three parts of the mind. |
| Distinguish between the unconscious and the motivated unconscious. |
| Review Freud's contention that nothing happens by chance, or what has been referred to as the basic assumption of "psychic determinism." |
| Review empirical and theoretical work on subliminal psychodynamic activation. What are the key findings generated by this research, and what do they reveal about the status of Freud's thinking? |
| Discuss each of the three components of human personality, as presented by Freud: Id, ego, and superego. Include a review of the development and function of each of these parts of personality. |
| Review the role of anxiety in psychoanalytic theory. Discuss the three types of anxiety identified by Freud. |
| Discuss the role of defense mechanisms, according to psychoanalytic theory-what are they designed to do? How do they operate? Be familiar with the following defense mechanisms: Repression, denial, displacement, rationalization, reaction formation, projection, and sublimation. |
| Discuss empirical work on repression. What can be concluded from this research, and how does this research inform Freud's original presentation of repression? |
| Review Freud's five-stage theory of psychosexual development. Discuss the key challenges and conflicts that occur at each stage. |
| Review the key components of psychoanalytic therapy. What is the goal of psychoanalytic therapy and why? What techniques are used in psychoanalytic therapy? |
| Review the key components of the process of psychoanalytic therapy, including interpretation, resistance, transference, and repetition compulsion. |
| Discuss the impact of psychoanalysis on psychology, in general, and personality and clinical psychology in particular. |
| Be familiar with the key criticisms of psychoanalysis as a theory of human personality. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education