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Perception, 4/e

Robert Sekuler, Brandeis University
Randolph Blake, Vanderbilt University

Smell and Taste


1	Which of the following statements about the human ability to identify human odors is true?
		A)	Men perform better than woman at the task.
		B)	Subjects are better at identifying the gender of odor donors from breath than perspiration from hands.
		C)	Subjects are poor at discriminating gender based on smell.
		D)	Subjects could usually identify their own odor.


2	Female pigs can be trained to hunt for truffles (a highly prized fungus) because
		A)	they enjoy the flavor of truffles.
		B)	truffles smell like male pig pheromones.
		C)	female pigs are more trainable than males.
		D)	female pigs feed their young with truffles.


3	The ability of a substance to give off vapors is known as
		A)	volatility.
		B)	diffusability.
		C)	expressibility.
		D)	vaporation.


4	Which statement is not a problem for the first stages of processing in the olfactory system?
		A)	The sample of odorant molecules varies dramatically from moment to moment.
		B)	A given source may give off complex mixtures of odorant molecules.
		C)	Most volatile chemicals are fat soluble which cannot be captured by the receptors.
		D)	The odorant molecules reaching the nose may come from multiple sources.


5	In the Henning "smell prism" model of odor classification,
		A)	odors near the center of the face of each side of the prism can be described with a single label.
		B)	all odors can be described as a combination of just 4 principal qualities.
		C)	clear predictions about sensory experiences can be made.
		D)	most odors fall in the interior of the prism.


6	By using multidimensional scaling, it has been determined that the classification of odors is based on _____ perceptual dimensions.
		A)	2
		B)	3
		C)	4
		D)	8


7	Odor constancy is the phenomenon where
		A)	the perceived classification of an odor doesn't depend on the intensity of the odor.
		B)	the perceived intensity of an odor doesn't depend on the flow rate of air through the sinuses.
		C)	the perceived classification of an odor doesn't depend on the duration it has been perceived.
		D)	the perceived intensity of an odor doesn't depend on the classification of an odor.


8	In the "dual sense" theory of olfaction there is a distinction between
		A)	odors nearby and odors from a distance.
		B)	familiar odors and unfamiliar odors.
		C)	self-generated odors and other-generated odors.
		D)	odors in the mouth and odors outside the body.


9	Receptor cells for the sense of smell sit in a patch of tissue called
		A)	olfactory bulb.
		B)	olfactory epithelium.
		C)	olfactory tract.
		D)	olfactory mucosa.


10	Olfactory sensory neurons live for 5 to 8
		A)	days.
		B)	weeks.
		C)	months.
		D)	years.


11	Which statement is not true about the classification of taste?
		A)	The four familiar categories are sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.
		B)	There has recently been discovered an "umami" receptor on the tongue.
		C)	A component that can be reliably identified in isolation can be identified in multiple component mixtures.
		D)	Subjects sometimes identify multiple component solutions as a single component.


12	The center of the tongue
		A)	has taste buds that signal salty tastes.
		B)	has taste buds that signal sour tastes.
		C)	has taste buds that signal bitter tastes.
		D)	has no taste buds.


13	The density of taste buds is highest
		A)	at infancy.
		B)	in the teen years.
		C)	around age 40.
		D)	around age 65.


14	The theory of taste quality that proposes that taste is presented in the pattern of activity in the population of taste fibers is called
		A)	the cross-fiber theory.
		B)	satiety theory.
		C)	taste hedonics.
		D)	multiple flavor hypothesis.


15	The reduction of one taste sensation by another is called
		A)	the tip of the tongue phenomenon.
		B)	taste modification.
		C)	conditioned taste reduction.
		D)	taste suppression.

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