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Perception, 4/e

Robert Sekuler, Brandeis University
Randolph Blake, Vanderbilt University

Object Perception: Recognizing the Things We See


1	Which of these statements about visual object recognition is false?
		A)	It can occur in as little as a tenth of a second.
		B)	It often occurs over the course of several fixational eye movements.
		C)	It can occur even if much of the object is occluded.
		D)	It is unaffected by unexpected or inconsistent contexts.


2	Among the criticisms of the "recognition-by-components" theory of object recognition is that
		A)	the number of "geons" is staggeringly large.
		B)	it is viewing-angle specific.
		C)	there is little physiological evidence that the brain uses similar representations.
		D)	it can only be applied to the recognition of very specific objects.


3	The term "geon" is shorthand for
		A)	generic object native.
		B)	geometric icon.
		C)	geographical native.
		D)	general orthographic number.


4	The theory of object recognition that argues for multiple stored views of an object is called
		A)	view-based recognition.
		B)	recognition by view interpolation.
		C)	view affordance recognition.
		D)	approximate view recognition.


5	When asked to find the "best" perspective for viewing a familiar object, subjects usually
		A)	choose an oblique viewpoint.
		B)	choose a straight-on viewpoint.
		C)	choose a sideways view.
		D)	display no consistent preference for viewpoint.


6	By comparing the ability of subjects to recognize unusual objects in movies played forwards to movies played backwards, researchers have determined
		A)	recognition of objects in unaffected by spatiotemporal dynamics.
		B)	the visual system can associate objects with characteristic spatiotemporal sequences.
		C)	subjects were never able to discriminate the unusual "ameboid" shapes.
		D)	spatiotemporal continuity is not a fundamental property of the physical world.


7	When an interpretation of an ambiguous image is biased by the previous viewing of an unambiguous image we say the interpretation has been
		A)	primed.
		B)	pre-altered.
		C)	pre-adapted.
		D)	plasticized.


8	The infereotemporal (IT) cortex in the visual system has been suggested to be important for
		A)	color perception.
		B)	motion perception.
		C)	depth perception.
		D)	object perception.


9	Neurons in infereotemporal (IT) cortex have demonstrated plasticity
		A)	by responding more robustly to a black and white only image after they had been primed with the image in full grayscale.
		B)	because responses in monkeys trained to recognize particular objects are larger than responses in untrained monkeys.
		C)	by responding more robustly when a monkey is discriminating the orientation of contours after the monkey has been trained on the discrimination task.
		D)	both a and b.


10	Visually guided actions, such as reaching for an object, are
		A)	dictated by the same mechanisms as those that mediate conscious perception.
		B)	independent of an object's "affordances."
		C)	not fooled by visual illusions.
		D)	informed only of an objects shape.


11	The face-inversion effect demonstrates that
		A)	the Gestalt perspective is unsupported in face recognition.
		B)	we don't process individual facial features independently.
		C)	contrast reversal is detrimental to face recognition.
		D)	facial expressions aren't culture- or age-specific.


12	Which of these statements is true about prospagnosia?
		A)	Sufferers cannot discriminate between photographs of faces.
		B)	Sufferers cannot discriminate between male and female faces.
		C)	Sufferers cannot identify their own face.
		D)	Sufferers show general impairment of visual function.


13	Attention appears to enhance visual performance in a task by all of the following mechanisms except
		A)	increasing the brightness of the object of attention.
		B)	reducing the variability in perception.
		C)	enhancing the spatial resolution of the stimulus.
		D)	increasing the contrast sensitivity of the stimulus.


14	Research on inattentional blindness has shown that
		A)	it is the result of temporal lobe lesions.
		B)	we have a high-fidelity representation of the entire visual scene.
		C)	it is a practically devastating problem.
		D)	visual reality is often confused with visual imagination.


15	By masking letters at the point of fixation during various time intervals while reading, it has been shown that
		A)	it is impossible to read without foveal vision.
		B)	the visual system requires little time during a fixation to plan the next eye movement
		C)	very little time is required to encode text.
		D)	without eye movements, reading is very slow.


16	The word superiority effect suggests that
		A)	logical deduction is responsible for faster letter identification in words than in non-words.
		B)	isolated components of a word are perceived more accurately, but more slowly than the entire word.
		C)	redundant information hinders fact identification.
		D)	large complex units may be perceived faster than smaller simple units.

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