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| 1 | |
The average child grows about ____ cm in height during early childhood. |
| | A) | 6.4 |
| | B) | 4.5 |
| | C) | 3.0 |
| | D) | 1.8 |
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| 2 | |
The Nortons are concerned about their son's lack of height and his slow rate of growth. A medical examination would likely reveal a malfunction of the: |
| | A) | pineal gland. |
| | B) | adrenal gland. |
| | C) | pituitary gland. |
| | D) | medulla. |
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| 3 | |
The most rapid growth in the brains of children aged 3 to 6 takes place in the: |
| | A) | frontal lobe areas. |
| | B) | temporal lobe areas. |
| | C) | parietal lobes. |
| | D) | occipital lobe. |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following would be considered a fine motor skill? |
| | A) | bouncing a ball |
| | B) | walking a straight line |
| | C) | hopping |
| | D) | writing your name |
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| 5 | |
What a child eats during the early childhood period affects all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | skeletal growth. |
| | B) | body shape. |
| | C) | susceptibility to disease. |
| | D) | basal metabolism rate. |
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| 6 | |
The most likely cause of death in impoverished countries among children younger than 5 years is: |
| | A) | birth defects. |
| | B) | malnutrition. |
| | C) | diarrhea. |
| | D) | German measles. |
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| 7 | |
In the __________ substage the young child acquires the ability to mentally represent an object that is not present. |
| | A) | symbolic function |
| | B) | intuitive thought |
| | C) | tertiary circular reactions |
| | D) | preoperational |
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| 8 | |
Wendy was listening as her mother told a friend how to get to their house. Mrs. Jones said, "Come south on Main, then turn left on Ash, then right on Cedar, and we are the second house on the right." Wendy said, "No, you turn right on Ash." She said this because from where she sat, Ash was to her right. Assuming Mrs. Jones is correct, Wendy would be demonstrating: |
| | A) | animism. |
| | B) | egocentrism. |
| | C) | centration. |
| | D) | conservation. |
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| 9 | |
Three-year-old Henry tripped on an uneven sidewalk and ran crying to his mother saying, "The sidewalk made me fall on purpose!" Henry is demonstrating: |
| | A) | animism. |
| | B) | egocentrism. |
| | C) | centration. |
| | D) | conservation. |
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| 10 | |
When her father asked Kim how she concluded that two apples and two apples make five apples, she believed her answer was correct and confidently replied, "I know it because I know it!" Kim is in which substage of development? |
| | A) | primary circular reactions |
| | B) | tertiary circular reactions |
| | C) | symbolic function |
| | D) | intuitive thought |
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| 11 | |
__________ is clearly evidenced in young children's lack of conservation when they focus their attention on one characteristic (such as height or length) to the exclusion of others. |
| | A) | Egocentrism |
| | B) | Centration |
| | C) | Concentration |
| | D) | Overregulation |
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| 12 | |
Rochel Gelman suggests that children fail conservation tasks because they: |
| | A) | cannot think about more than one aspect of a task. |
| | B) | do not notice important features of the tasks. |
| | C) | cannot mentally reverse the sequence of actions in the tasks. |
| | D) | think that researchers are trying to trick them. |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following questions is typical of the preoperational child? |
| | A) | "How many different piles of toys can I make from my toys?" |
| | B) | "How much is two plus two?" |
| | C) | "Where does the moon go when its light goes out?" |
| | D) | "Do you see the same thing I do, Daddy?" |
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| 14 | |
Lev Vygotsky believed that some tasks are too difficult for children to handle alone, but can be done with the help of someone more skilled. Such tasks: |
| | A) | fall into the zone of proximal development. |
| | B) | are difficult because they are not salient to the child. |
| | C) | are best taught by having the child observe a skilled teacher. |
| | D) | will be frustrating for the child and should be left to a time when the child can accomplish them more easily. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following reflects Lev Vygotsky's beliefs about language and thought? |
| | A) | Children who engage in high levels of private speech are usually socially incompetent. |
| | B) | Children use internal speech earlier than they use external speech. |
| | C) | All mental functions have social origins. |
| | D) | Language and thought initially develop together and then become independent. |
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| 16 | |
Vygotsky believed that cognitive development was most influenced by which of the following factors? |
| | A) | biology |
| | B) | social interactions |
| | C) | personality |
| | D) | emotions |
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| 17 | |
Compared to that of a toddler, a preschooler's ability to pay attention enables her to: |
| | A) | ignore unimportant but distracting details of a task. |
| | B) | habituate more quickly to repeated stimulation. |
| | C) | concentrate on an activity for longer periods of time. |
| | D) | pay attention to several things. |
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| 18 | |
All of the following have been found to account for differences in memory between older and younger children EXCEPT: |
| | A) | use of rehearsal. |
| | B) | speed and efficiency of processing. |
| | C) | use of strategies. |
| | D) | increased intelligence. |
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| 19 | |
__________ refers to the awareness of one's own mental processes and the mental processes of others. |
| | A) | Theory of mind |
| | B) | The social constructivist approach |
| | C) | Information processing |
| | D) | Scaffolding |
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| 20 | |
Young Michael says "mouses" instead of "mice". This is an example of: |
| | A) | displacement. |
| | B) | pragmatism. |
| | C) | phonological awareness. |
| | D) | overregularization. |
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| 21 | |
Mohit is attending a child-centered kindergarten, so we would expect to see all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | instruction organized around Mohit's needs, interests, and learning style. |
| | B) | an emphasis on the process of what Mohit is learning. |
| | C) | an emphasis on what Mohit learns. |
| | D) | play as an important aspect of Mohit's development. |
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| 22 | |
Where was the Montessori approach first implemented? |
| | A) | Canada |
| | B) | Italy |
| | C) | United States |
| | D) | France |
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| 23 | |
An instructor who uses developmentally inappropriate methods for teaching the alphabet would: |
| | A) | have the children recite the alphabet three times a day every day. |
| | B) | use music to teach the alphabet. |
| | C) | use animal names and shapes to teach the alphabet. |
| | D) | use the sandbox to let children draw the letters of the alphabet. |
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| 24 | |
Project Head Start was designed to: |
| | A) | provide low-income children a chance to acquire skills that would help them succeed at school. |
| | B) | assess the advantages and disadvantages of preschool educational programs. |
| | C) | give parents an educational day-care center. |
| | D) | determine the feasibility of starting formal education at an earlier age. |
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| 25 | |
The Aboriginal Head Start Initiative, started by Health Canada in 1995, emphasized ALL BUT which of the following? |
| | A) | preschool education |
| | B) | culture and language training |
| | C) | concentrated academic instruction |
| | D) | social support for families |
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