(See related pages)
Below are the key terms featured in this chapter. The textbook's full glossary is also available for online searching.
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| Associative play | Play that involves social interaction with little or no organization |
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| Authoritarian parenting | A restrictive, punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions |
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| Authoritative parenting | Parenting style encouraging independence while placing limits and controls |
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| Autonomous morality | The second stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, displayed in children 10 years and older |
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| Cognitive developmental theory of gender | Children’s gender typing occurs after they have developed a concept of gender |
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| Constructive play | Play that combines sensorimotor/practice repetitive activity with symbolic representation of ideas |
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| Cooperative play | Play that involves social interaction in a group with organized activity |
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| Games | Activities engaged in for pleasure; include rules and often competition with one or more individuals |
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| Gender | The social and psychological dimension of being male or female |
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| Gender identity | The sense of being male or female |
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| Gender role | A set of expectations that prescribes how females or males should think, act, and feel |
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| Gender schema theory | Internal motivation to conform to gender-based standards; guides behaviour |
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| Heteronomous morality | The first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, from four to seven years of age |
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| Imminent justice | The concept that immediate punishment follows the breaking of rules |
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| Indulgent parenting | A style of parenting in which parents are highly involved with their children but place few controls or demands on them |
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| Moral development | Development regarding rules/conventions of how people interact with others |
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| Neglectful parenting | A style of parenting in which the parent is very uninvolved in the child’s life |
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| Onlooker play | Play in which the child watches other children play |
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| Parallel play | Play in which the child plays separately from others |
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| Practice play | Play that involves repetition of behaviour when new skills are being learned |
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| Pretence/symbolic play | Play in which the child transforms the physical environment into a symbol |
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| Psychoanalytic theory of gender | Freud’s view that the child is initially attracted to the opposite-sex parent but comes to identify with the same-sex parent |
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| Self-understanding | The child’s cognitive representation of self |
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| Sensorimotor play | Infant play to derive pleasure from exercising existing sensorimotor schemes |
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| Social cognitive theory of gender | Children’s gender development occurs through observation and imitation and through rewards and punishments for appropriate and inappropriate gender behaviour |
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| Social play | Play that involves social interactions with peers |
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| Solitary play | Play in which the child plays alone and independently of others |
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| Unoccupied play | Play in which the child is not engaging in play as it is commonly understood |