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Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics



1

What does clearance determine?
A)The time to reach steady-state
B)The loading dose required to achieve the desired steady-state concentration
C)The maintenance dose required to achieve the desired steady state concentration
D)The dosage interval
E)A and D
2

What does volume of distribution determine?
A)The time to reach steady-state
B)The loading dose required to achieve the desired steady-state concentration
C)The maintenance dose required to achieve the desired steady state concentration
D)The dosage interval
E)A and D
3

What does half-life determine?
A)The time to reach steady-state
B)The loading dose required to achieve the desired steady-state concentration
C)The maintenance dose required to achieve the desired steady state concentration
D)The dosage interval
E)A and D
4

The clearance is
A)Dependent on the value of volume of distribution
B)Dependent on the value of half-life
C)A function of the blood flow to clearing organs and the efficiency of the organ in extracting the drug
D)A function of the physiologic volume of blood and tissues and how the drug binds in blood and tissues
E)A and B
5

The volume of distribution is
A)Dependent on the value of clearance
B)Dependent on the value of half-life
C)A function of the blood flow to clearing organs and the efficiency of the organ in extracting the drug
D)A function of the physiologic volume of blood and tissues and how the drug binds in blood and tissues
E)A and B
6

The half-life is
A)Dependent on the value of volume of distribution
B)Dependent on the value of clearance
C)A function of the blood flow to clearing organs and the efficiency of the organ in extracting the drug
D)A function of the physiologic volume of blood and tissues and how the drug binds in blood and tissues
E)A and B
7

Linear pharmacokinetics means
A)Drug serum concentrations decrease in a straight line when plotted on a concentration-time graph
B)Drug serum concentrations decrease in a straight line when plotted on a log concentration-time graph
C)Steady-state drug serum concentrations change proportionally to dose
D)Steady-state drug serum concentrations change nonproportionally to dose
8

Nonlinear pharmacokinetics means
A)Drug serum concentrations decrease in a straight line when plotted on a concentration-time graph
B)Drug serum concentrations decrease in a straight line when plotted on a log concentration-time graph
C)Steady-state drug serum concentrations change proportionally to dose
D)Steady-state drug serum concentrations change nonproportionally to dose
9

Most drugs follow nonlinear pharmacokinetics
A)True
B)False
10

Pharmacokinetic models are useful to
A)Describe concentration-time data sets
B)Predict drug serum concentrations after several doses or after different routes of administration
C)Calculate pharmacokinetic constants (clearance, volume of distribution, half-life)
D)A and C
E)A, B, and C
11

Factors to be considered when prescribing the best drug dose of a patient include
A)Age
B)Gender
C)Weight
D)Other concurrent disease states and drug therapies
E)All of the above
12

Clinicians should begin considering dosage adjustment of renally eliminated drugs at what creatinine clearance value:
A)90 mL/min
B)60 mL/min
C)30 mL/min
D)15 mL/min
13

Clinicians should begin considering dosage adjustment of hepatically eliminated drugs at what Child-Pugh score value:
A)1
B)3
C)5
D)8
E)10
14

The enzyme system responsible for the metabolism of most drugs is
A)P-glycoprotein
B)Alkaline phosphatase
C)Creatine kinase
D)Cytochrome P450
E)HMG-CoA
15

If pharmacologic effect is plotted versus drug concentration for most agents, the shape of the graph is
A)Linear
B)Hyperbolic
C)Parabolic
D)Trapezoidal





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