On completion of the chapter, the reader will be able to:
1. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages to barrier methods of contraception (e.g., condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, spermicides, and sponge).
2. Explain the mechanism of action of hormonal methods of contraception (e.g., oral, transdermal, vaginal, injectable, and implantable).
3. Compare and contrast monophasic, multiphasic, extended-cycle, continuous, and progestin-only oral contraceptives.
4. Explain the differences in hormonal activity between the newer progestins (e.g., desogestrel, drospirenone) and the older progestins (e.g., levonorgestrel).
5. List the precautions that can preclude the use of combined hormonal contraception.
6. Identify the noncontraceptive benefits of combined hormonal contraception.
7. Explain the risks associated with combined hormonal contraception.
8. Describe a patient who may be well suited for a progestin-only pill.
9. Explain initiation methods for oral contraceptives.
10. Identify common combined hormonal contraceptive-related side effects, and provide suggestions for their management.
11. List medications that potentially can interact with hormonal contraceptives.
12. Explain the role of emergency contraception, and list the available products.
13. Counsel patients on the effective use of combined hormonal contraception.
14. Explain the return of fertility after stopping a combined hormonal contraceptive and the use of contraception in the nursing mother.
15. Describe the risks and benefits of intrauterine devices.
16. Describe the factors that should be evaluated when assessing therapeutic outcomes in women using contraception.
