Chapter Objectives

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

Explain how water is cycled through the hydrologic cycle.

Explain the significance of groundwater, aquifers, and runoff.

Explain how land use affects infiltration and surface runoff.

List the various kinds of water use and the problems associated with each.

List the problems associated with water impoundment.

List the major sources of water pollution.

Define biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).

Differentiate between point and nonpoint sources of pollution.

Explain how heat can be a form of pollution.

Differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary sewage treatments.

Describe some of the problems associated with storm-water runoff.

List sources of groundwater pollution.

Explain how various federal laws control water use and prevent misuse.

List the problems associated with water-use planning.

Explain the rationale behind the federal laws that attempt to preserve certain water areas and habitats.

List the problems associated with groundwater mining.

Explain the problem of salinization associated with large-scale irrigation in arid areas.

List the water-related services provided by local governments.

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