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1 | |
Extinction of Archaeopteryx marks the end of the Mesozoic era. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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2 | |
The mammals moved onto the land during the Mesozoic era. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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3 | |
The first half of the Cenozoic was __________ while that gradually changed to a ___________ climate. |
| | A) | cold, warm and moist |
| | B) | dry and hot, cold |
| | C) | warm and dry, warm and moist |
| | D) | warm and moist, colder and drier |
| | E) | cold and wet, cold and dry |
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4 | |
_________ and ___________ are two of the large mammals alive during the Cenozoic that are now extinct. |
| | A) | Mammoths, llamas |
| | B) | Irish elk, yaks |
| | C) | Guanacos, mammoths |
| | D) | Cave bears, Irish elk |
| | E) | Alpaca, guanacos |
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5 | |
Amphibians respire by using lungs and |
| | A) | gills. |
| | B) | their skin. |
| | C) | tracheids. |
| | D) | sieve tubes. |
| | E) | both a and c |
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6 | |
Development of a(n) __________ allowed amphibians to more efficiently deliver oxygen to their muscles. |
| | A) | pulmonary vein |
| | B) | closed circulatory system |
| | C) | four-chambered heart |
| | D) | smaller body size |
| | E) | true lung |
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7 | |
_________ are members of the order Chelonia. |
| | A) | Turtles |
| | B) | Alligators |
| | C) | Fish |
| | D) | Snakes |
| | E) | Gavials |
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8 | |
Which of the following are extinct? |
| | A) | Ichthyosaurs |
| | B) | Caimans |
| | C) | Tuataras |
| | D) | Suborder Serpentes |
| | E) | all are extinct |
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9 | |
Kiwis: |
| | A) | only two toes |
| | B) | well-developed vocal organs |
| | C) | broad bill with filtering ridges |
| | D) | live only in New Zealand |
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10 | |
Ducks: |
| | A) | only two toes |
| | B) | well-developed vocal organs |
| | C) | broad bill with filtering ridges |
| | D) | live only in New Zealand |
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11 | |
Parrots: |
| | A) | only two toes |
| | B) | well-developed vocal organs |
| | C) | broad bill with filtering ridges |
| | D) | live only in New Zealand |
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12 | |
Ostriches: |
| | A) | only two toes |
| | B) | well-developed vocal organs |
| | C) | broad bill with filtering ridges |
| | D) | live only in New Zealand |
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13 | |
Anteaters: |
| | A) | order Perissodactyla |
| | B) | order Cetacea |
| | C) | opposable thumb |
| | D) | many lack teeth |
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14 | |
Lemurs: |
| | A) | order Perissodactyla |
| | B) | order Cetacea |
| | C) | opposable thumb |
| | D) | many lack teeth |
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15 | |
Horses: |
| | A) | order Perissodactyla |
| | B) | order Cetacea |
| | C) | opposable thumb |
| | D) | many lack teeth |
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16 | |
Dolphins: |
| | A) | order Perissodactyla |
| | B) | order Cetacea |
| | C) | opposable thumb |
| | D) | many lack teeth |
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17 | |
Which of the following is the correct order, from largest to smallest? |
| | A) | epochs, eras, periods, ages |
| | B) | ages, eras, epochs, periods |
| | C) | periods, epochs, ages, eras |
| | D) | eras, periods, epochs, ages |
| | E) | ages, epochs, periods, eras |
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18 | |
During the Cambrian, |
| | A) | many new successful forms of animal life evolved, leading to forms that still survive. |
| | B) | a variety of new body forms and lifestyles evolved in animals. |
| | C) | many animal phyla evolved that have no living relatives. |
| | D) | palmlike plants were the dominant form of life. |
| | E) | both b and c |
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19 | |
While searching for fossils in the Sonoran Desert, you find some trilobites. You know that these fossils are about __________ million years old. |
| | A) | 500 |
| | B) | 250 |
| | C) | 100 |
| | D) | 55 |
| | E) | 25 |
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20 | |
On a fossil-hunting expedition, you find an animal that looks like a cross between a fish and an amphibian. That animal is probably |
| | A) | Archeopteryx. |
| | B) | Ichthyostega. |
| | C) | a pterosaur. |
| | D) | a plesiosaur. |
| | E) | a trilobite. |
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21 | |
How did the evolution of a notochord contribute to the invasion of land by animals? |
| | A) | The notochord led to the development of a spinal cord and allowed animals to better respond to external stimuli. |
| | B) | The notochord provides a site for the internal attachment of muscles, allowing for more efficient locomotion. |
| | C) | The notochord led to lung development and a new form of life that could better survive on land. |
| | D) | both a and c |
| | E) | The notochord did not contribute to the evolution of land animals. |
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22 | |
Mass extinctions occurred during the |
| | A) | Cenozoic. |
| | B) | Silurian. |
| | C) | Triassic |
| | D) | Carboniferous. |
| | E) | Paleozoic. |
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23 | |
How could the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the ocean lead to the extinction of some forms of animal life? |
| | A) | Excess carbon dioxide would have killed many of the plant species, reducing the available supply of food for animals. |
| | B) | Excess carbon dioxide would make it difficult for animals to metabolize. |
| | C) | Excessive carbon dioxide would cause many fires that would kill many of the species of plants. |
| | D) | both a and b |
| | E) | both b and d |
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24 | |
How does the fossil record support the hypothesis that an accumulation of carbon dioxide in ocean waters led to the mass extinctions that occurred in the Permian? |
| | A) | High concentrations of carbon dioxide are present in fossils of the Permian. |
| | B) | High concentrations of metal oxides are present in fossils of the Permian. |
| | C) | Marine species that were intolerant of carbon dioxide were eliminated, while those with more tolerance for carbon dioxide survived. |
| | D) | The excess carbon dioxide led to the extinction of plankton and ultimately other more advanced animal species. |
| | E) | none of the above |
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25 | |
Which of the following appeared at about the same time as the dinosaurs? |
| | A) | the insects |
| | B) | the birds |
| | C) | pterosaurs |
| | D) | amphibians |
| | E) | rodents |
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26 | |
Not all scientists accept the hypothesis that the dinosaurs became distinct as the result of a large meteor strike. Evidence that supports the meteor hypothesis is |
| | A) | the presence of radioactive material in fossils of dinosaurs that died at that time. |
| | B) | that fossilized dinosaurs that died at that time obviously did so from a lack of oxygen. |
| | C) | the large amounts of soot that were deposited in rocks worldwide at the time of dinosaur extinction. |
| | D) | infectious disease could not have killed so many species of dinosaurs. |
| | E) | both a and c |
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27 | |
Which of the following might be a reason that the modern fishes were more successful than the agnathans? |
| | A) | The agnathans were only able to feed on foods found on the bottom of the ocean, while modern fishes can take advantage of more diverse food sources. |
| | B) | Modern fishes were hunters and sought food in diverse places, while the agnathans were limited to filter feeding on the ocean's bottom. |
| | C) | Modern fishes were more efficient at removing oxygen from the water. |
| | D) | The agnathans were unable to produce the large number of offspring produced by modern fishes. |
| | E) | none of the above |
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28 | |
A bony skeleton versus bony body plates in fish is an advantage because it |
| | A) | supported strong muscles that enabled fish to chase prey. |
| | B) | provided better protection from predators. |
| | C) | allowed fish to grow larger and become more efficient predators. |
| | D) | allowed fish to swim in the upper levels of the water. |
| | E) | allowed fish to survive in freshwater habitats. |
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29 | |
A swim bladder allows a fish to |
| | A) | regulate its water content in seawater. |
| | B) | regulate its salt content in seawater. |
| | C) | regulate its salt content in freshwater. |
| | D) | control its buoyancy in water. |
| | E) | tolerate changes in water pressure. |
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30 | |
The monotremes are classified as mammals because they |
| | A) | are endoderms. |
| | B) | are carnivores. |
| | C) | are omnivores. |
| | D) | have mammary glands. |
| | E) | give birth to live young rather than lay eggs. |
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31 | |
Fish resist dehydration in a marine environment by |
| | A) | maintaining a higher internal concentration of salt than is in the water. |
| | B) | reabsorbing water through their kidneys. |
| | C) | secreting a slime layer to cover their body. |
| | D) | both a and c |
| | E) | none of the above |
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