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1 | |
According to the USDA a healthy diet should include 2 - 3 servings a day of/from the |
| | A) | fats and sweets |
| | B) | milk group |
| | C) | fruit group |
| | D) | vegetable group |
| | E) | bread amd cereals |
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2 | |
According to the USDA a healthy diet should include sparing use of/from the |
| | A) | fats and sweets. |
| | B) | milk group. |
| | C) | fruit group. |
| | D) | vegetable group. |
| | E) | bread and cereals. |
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3 | |
Individuals with a Body Mass Index value of _________ or over are considered overweight. |
| | A) | 15 |
| | B) | 20 |
| | C) | 25 |
| | D) | 30 |
| | E) | 50 |
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4 | |
Vitamin B12 |
| | A) | scurvy |
| | B) | severe bleeding |
| | C) | night blindness |
| | D) | anemia, diarrhea |
| | E) | pernicious anemia |
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5 | |
Folic acid: |
| | A) | scurvy |
| | B) | severe bleeding |
| | C) | night blindness |
| | D) | anemia, diarrhea |
| | E) | pernicious anemia |
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6 | |
Vitamin A: |
| | A) | scurvy |
| | B) | severe bleeding |
| | C) | night blindness |
| | D) | anemia, diarrhea |
| | E) | pernicious anemia |
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7 | |
Vitamin C: |
| | A) | scurvy |
| | B) | severe bleeding |
| | C) | night blindness |
| | D) | anemia, diarrhea |
| | E) | pernicious anemia |
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8 | |
Vitamin K: |
| | A) | scurvy |
| | B) | severe bleeding |
| | C) | night blindness |
| | D) | anemia, diarrhea |
| | E) | pernicious anemia |
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9 | |
Carbohydrates and fats are not significantly digested in the stomach. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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10 | |
The entrance of food into the duodenum is controlled by the pyloric sphincter. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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11 | |
The majority of the small intestine consists of the |
| | A) | duodenum. |
| | B) | ileum. |
| | C) | cecum. |
| | D) | colon. |
| | E) | villus. |
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12 | |
The main function of the large intestine is |
| | A) | the breakdown and absorption of fats. |
| | B) | the breakdown and absorption of proteins. |
| | C) | absorption of water. |
| | D) | concentration of solid wastes. |
| | E) | emulsification of vitamins. |
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13 | |
The omasum and abomasum are a characteristic of |
| | A) | all vertebrates. |
| | B) | amphibians. |
| | C) | ruminants. |
| | D) | birds |
| | E) | both b and d |
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14 | |
Edema may indicate a drop in plasma proteins due to malfunctioning of the kidneys. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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15 | |
The arrival of fatty foods in the duodenum triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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16 | |
Urea: |
| | A) | excreted by tadpoles and bony fishes |
| | B) | excreted by mammals |
| | C) | excreted by reptiles and birds |
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17 | |
Uric acid: |
| | A) | excreted by tadpoles and bony fishes |
| | B) | excreted by mammals |
| | C) | excreted by reptiles and birds |
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18 | |
Organisms that do not take in water but instead depend on metabolic water produce strongly hypertonic urine. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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19 | |
Amphibians absorb sodium across their skin to compensate for its loss in their urine. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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20 | |
Fats have a higher energy content per gram than do carbohydrates because they |
| | A) | are more easily converted into ATP. |
| | B) | are more easily metabolized. |
| | C) | have more energy-rich bonds. |
| | D) | release their energy at a lower temperature. |
| | E) | none of the above |
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21 | |
Fats are a necessary part of the diet to |
| | A) | provide energy. |
| | B) | manufacture cell membranes. |
| | C) | insulate nervous tissues. |
| | D) | build a variety of structures in the cell. |
| | E) | all of the above |
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22 | |
A diet that is high in fiber is important because |
| | A) | the bulk helps to move food through the colon at a faster rate. |
| | B) | fiber is a source of essential amino acids. |
| | C) | fiber is an important source of nutrients. |
| | D) | fiber is an important source of vitamins. |
| | E) | the majority of protein in foods is in the bulk. |
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23 | |
A consequence of a diet lacking vitamin C is |
| | A) | the inability to synthesize hemoglobin. |
| | B) | the development of diabetes. |
| | C) | the development of scurvy. |
| | D) | memory loss. |
| | E) | the inability to breakdown carbohydrates. |
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24 | |
Trace elements are |
| | A) | only necessary for plant growth. |
| | B) | obtained from the plants that we consume in our diet. |
| | C) | obtained from the animal products in our diet. |
| | D) | both a and b |
| | E) | both b and c |
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25 | |
__________ is(are) necessary to break up proteins, lipids and other nutrients to release energy. |
| | A) | High temperatures |
| | B) | Acids |
| | C) | Enzymes |
| | D) | Trace elements |
| | E) | Oxygen |
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26 | |
Chyme is |
| | A) | the enzyme and acid mixture that breaks down food in the stomach. |
| | B) | the name used for the infoldings of epithelial tissue inside of the stomach. |
| | C) | the name of the sphincter located at the end of the esophagus. |
| | D) | a mixture of digestive juices and food. |
| | E) | the mucosa that lines the inside of the stomach and protects it from the acids located there. |
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27 | |
Gastrin functions to |
| | A) | enhance the production of HCl in the stomach. |
| | B) | regulate the synthesis of HCl in the stomach. |
| | C) | absorb fats in the small intestine. |
| | D) | regulate water loss from the large intestine. |
| | E) | kill any bacteria that enter the stomach. |
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28 | |
Aspirin can cause an upset stomach because it |
| | A) | increases acid production. |
| | B) | decreases acid production and slows digestion. |
| | C) | is absorbed through the lining of the stomach. |
| | D) | slows the breakdown of fats. |
| | E) | increases bacterial multiplication in the stomach. |
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29 | |
Gastric pits |
| | A) | are lesions in the mucosa of the stomach. |
| | B) | invaginations in the stomach epithelium. |
| | C) | are the site of actual digestion in the stomach. |
| | D) | in the small intestine produce digestive enzymes. |
| | E) | are not acquired until middle age and are due to a diet low in fiber. |
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30 | |
Small intestine: |
| | A) | Sodium and vitamin K are absorbed through this structure, and it acts as a refuse dump for undigested food. |
| | B) | Bicarbonate and digestive enzymes are delivered to this site. |
| | C) | Bile salts are produced by this structure. |
| | D) | Villi and microvilli increase the absorptive surface of this site. |
| | E) | Gastrin is produced here. |
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31 | |
Stomach: |
| | A) | Sodium and vitamin K are absorbed through this structure, and it acts as a refuse dump for undigested food. |
| | B) | Bicarbonate and digestive enzymes are delivered to this site. |
| | C) | Bile salts are produced by this structure. |
| | D) | Villi and microvilli increase the absorptive surface of this site. |
| | E) | Gastrin is produced here. |
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32 | |
Duodenum: |
| | A) | Sodium and vitamin K are absorbed through this structure, and it acts as a refuse dump for undigested food. |
| | B) | Bicarbonate and digestive enzymes are delivered to this site. |
| | C) | Bile salts are produced by this structure. |
| | D) | Villi and microvilli increase the absorptive surface of this site. |
| | E) | Gastrin is produced here. |
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33 | |
Large intestine: |
| | A) | Sodium and vitamin K are absorbed through this structure, and it acts as a refuse dump for undigested food. |
| | B) | Bicarbonate and digestive enzymes are delivered to this site. |
| | C) | Bile salts are produced by this structure. |
| | D) | Villi and microvilli increase the absorptive surface of this site. |
| | E) | Gastrin is produced here. |
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34 | |
Liver: |
| | A) | Sodium and vitamin K are absorbed through this structure, and it acts as a refuse dump for undigested food. |
| | B) | Bicarbonate and digestive enzymes are delivered to this site. |
| | C) | Bile salts are produced by this structure. |
| | D) | Villi and microvilli increase the absorptive surface of this site. |
| | E) | Gastrin is produced here. |
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