• Sensory receptors detect certain types of external or internal stimuli.
  
  
• Sensation occurs when sensory receptors send nerve impulses to the brain.

1. What is the function of a sensory receptor?
   Answer
   
   
2. What is the difference between sensation and perception?
   Answer

• Receptors and Sensations

Reading

• Mixed-Up Senses-Synesthesia

• Proprioceptors in muscles and joints help the body maintain balance and posture.
  
  
• Cutaneous receptors in the skin are sensitive to touch, pressure, pain, and temperature (warmth and cold).

1. What is the function of proprioceptors?
   Answer
   
   
2. What are the functions of cutaneous receptors in the skin?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Sensory Receptors in the Skin

• Taste cells within taste buds in the mouth are sensitive to molecules that result in bitter, sour, salty, or sweet tastes.
  
  
• Olfactory cells within the olfactory epithelium are sensitive to molecules that result in a sense of smell.

1. Taste cells are what type of sensory receptor?
   Answer
   
   
2. What are the four types of taste that result from stimulating these receptors?
   Answer
   
   
3. What are the receptors responsible for smell called, and where are they located?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Sense of Taste
• Sense of Smell

Reading

• Smell and Taste Disorders

Animation Activity

• Taste
• Olfaction

• The photoreceptors for sight contain visual pigments, which detect light rays.
  
  
• A great deal of integration occurs in the retina of the eye before nerve impulses are sent to the brain.

1. How is the structure of the eye suited to its function?
   Answer
   
   
2. What are the two types of photoreceptors?
   Answer
   
   
3. Once the photoreceptors initiate a visual signal, what other structures in the eye pass this signal on to the cerebellum?
   Answer

Art Labeling Activity

• Anatomy of the Human Eye I (48.0K)
• Anatomy of the Human Eye II (52.0K)

• The mechanoreceptors for hearing are hair cells in the cochlea of the inner ear that detect pressure waves.

1. How is the structure of the ear suited to its function?
   Answer
   
   
2. What type of receptor allows us to hear? Where are these receptors located? What type of stimulus do they detect?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Sense of Hearing

Animation Activity

• Hearing

Art Labeling Activity

• Anatomy of the Human Ear (34.0K)

• Hair cells in the semicircular canals of the inner ear are responsible for rotational equilibrium.
  
  
• Hair cells in the vestibule of the inner ear are responsible for gravitational equilibrium.

1. Where are the receptors that detect rotation located?
   Answer
   
   
2. Where are the receptors that detect gravity located?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Equilibrium

Animation Activity

• Sense of Balance
• Sense of Rotational Acceleration