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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
The primary function of the urinary system is to
A)remove all metabolic wastes from body fluids.
B)reduce the volume of body fluids.
C)maintain the volume and composition of body fluids within normal limits.
D)maintain the balance of plasma and blood cells in blood.
2
A _________ carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.
A)urethra
B)ureter
C)calyx
D)renal papilla
3
The outer layer of a kidney is the ________, and it contains the ________.
A)renal cortex; renal corpuscles
B)renal medulla; renal corpuscles
C)renal medulla; renal tubules
D)renal cortex; renal pyramids
4
A ________ consists of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
A)renal column
B)renal pelvis
C)nephron
D)collecting duct
5
The ________ is a capillary tuft that lies between an afferent arteriole and an efferent arteriole.
A)juxtaglomerular apparatus
B)peritubular capillary
C)renal corpuscle
D)glomerulus
6
Urine formation begins when _________ moves some of the water and solutes in blood from the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule.
A)filtration
B)osmosis
C)diffusion
D)active transport
7
The fluid in the glomerular capsule contains the same substances as blood plasma except it lacks
A)glucose.
B)urea.
C)proteins.
D)bicarbonate ions.
8
When the _________ detects a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate it secretes ________ to start the renin – angiotensin mechanism.
A)pituitary gland; ADH
B)lungs; angiotensinogen
C)juxtaglomerular apparatus; angiotensin converting enzyme
D)juxtaglomerular apparatus; renin
9
Angiotensin II raises systemic blood pressure by triggering mechanisms that
A)reduce filtration.
B)constrict arterioles and increase water retention.
C)constrict arterioles and increase water excretion.
D)dilate arterioles and increase filtration.
10
In the ________, nutrients and positive mineral ions are actively reabsorbed from the filtrate into blood in the peritubular capillary.
A)proximal convoluted tubule
B)nephron loop
C)distal convoluted tubule
D)collecting tubule
11
Aldosterone regulates the active reabsorption of sodium ions and secretion of potassium ions by the
A)proximal convoluted tubule.
B)nephron loop.
C)distal convoluted tubule.
D)collecting duct.
12
Antidiuretic hormone regulates the passive reabsorption of water from filtrate in the
A)proximal convoluted tubule.
B)ascending limb of the nephron loop.
C)descending limb of the nephron loop.
D)collecting duct.
13
Buffers either combine with or release ________ to maintain the pH of blood within normal limits.
A)sodium ions
B)hydrogen ions
C)chloride ions
D)uric acid
14
The removal of amine groups from amino acids results in the formation of ________, the most abundant nitrogenous waste in urine.
A)creatinine
B)uric acid
C)urea
D)ammonia
15
________, formed by the breakdown of bile pigments in the intestine, gives the characteristic color to urine.
A)Urea
B)Creatinine
C)Uric acid
D)Urochrome





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