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1 | |
In early childhood, if children are encouraged to develop as well as control their new found abilities, they: |
| | A) | feel competent and independent |
| | B) | try to manipulate their environment, including family and care givers, to get what they want |
| | C) | will not have discipline problems |
| | D) | will have difficulty making new friends |
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2 | |
Baumrind describes 3 kinds of parental behavior. "Do it my way, or else!" is an example of a(n) _______________ parent, whose goal is _________________. |
| | A) | authoritative/to mature behavior |
| | B) | permissive/a tolerant, accepting relationship |
| | C) | authoritarian/instant obedience |
| | D) | over bearing/total compliance |
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3 | |
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the following methods of discipline to parents of young children: |
| | A) | time out, and loss of privileges |
| | B) | positive reinforcement |
| | C) | spanking |
| | D) | A and C |
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4 | |
Baumrind believes that _____________ parents are most desirable. |
| | A) | authoritative |
| | B) | permissive |
| | C) | overbearing |
| | D) | authoritarian |
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5 | |
Lewis and Brooks-Gunn studied self-development, to determine how children construct a sense of self. What were the findings of their study? |
| | A) | An 8 month old recognized the baby in the mirror as him/herself |
| | B) | At 12 months old, the baby recognized him/herself in the mirror by touching their reflection, and saying "baby" |
| | C) | At 15 months old, they touched the nose on his/her face, not the mirror. |
| | D) | At 24 months, the baby was unable to accurately identify him/herself when grouped with other same sex babies in front of a mirror. |
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6 | |
Children have usually acquired a sense of self by ________, and after ____________ can clearly distinguish themselves from others. |
| | A) | 15 months/18 months |
| | B) | 18 months/2 years |
| | C) | 2 years/2 1/2 years |
| | D) | 2 ½ years/ 3 years |
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7 | |
_________________ studied sibling relationships, and found that the majority, when asked if they would be happier without siblings, said that they preferred to keep them. |
| | A) | Dunn |
| | B) | Brooks-Gunn |
| | C) | Kennedy |
| | D) | Koch |
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8 | |
When their parents get divorced, in what ways do boys react differently from girls? |
| | A) | boys are more exposed to parental conflict than girls |
| | B) | two years post divorce, boys may still be more aggressive, and disobedient |
| | C) | boys are more likely to blame their father for the divorce |
| | D) | A and B |
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9 | |
According to your authors, which statements about family member's behavior post divorce are true? |
| | A) | during early childhood, children demonstrate intense separation anxiety, and blame themselves for the divorce |
| | B) | fathers seem to become more permissive and indulgent with children |
| | C) | immediately following divorce, mothers show less affection toward children, and treat their sons more harshly |
| | D) | all of the above |
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10 | |
Clark and Steward report that a disadvantage of a family day care center is that: |
| | A) | there is little provider accountability |
| | B) | the care is provided in a setting that is often informal and unprofessional |
| | C) | the center may not be licensed |
| | D) | all of the above |
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11 | |
What was the outcome of the Carolina Abecedarian Project? |
| | A) | at the end of the 3rd year, there was no significant difference between the IQ of the kids in the treatment group and the control group |
| | B) | at the age of 15 years, the treatment group had higher IQ scores and less need for remedial services |
| | C) | at 15 years, the control group had higher IQ scores, and held good jobs |
| | D) | at 21 years of age, 33% of the children who had bee in the treatment group, compared to 14% who had been in the control group, attended college. |
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12 | |
________________ reflects the beliefs about the characteristics associated with males and females. |
| | A) | Gender identity |
| | B) | Gender stereotypes |
| | C) | Gender role |
| | D) | Sexuality |
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13 | |
Do hormones cause gender differences in brain development? Do females process information in both hemispheres? Do females have a larger corpus callosum than males? These questions may be answered by |
| | A) | Biological Explanations |
| | B) | Social Learning theory |
| | C) | Cognitive Development explanations |
| | D) | Gender Schema Explanations |
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14 | |
Which statement about the differences between boys and girls is false? |
| | A) | adults tend to engage in rougher play with girls than boys |
| | B) | parents treat a girls misbehavior less seriously than boys |
| | C) | girls are criticized more harshly by their parents, and hold them to higher levels of self regulation |
| | D) | parents reinforced girls for playing with dolls, and boys for playing with blocks |
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15 | |
Darren is 7 years old, and loves to pretend that he is a fireman. He takes the garden hose, and squirts water into the kitchen window. This is an example of what kind of play? |
| | A) | functional play |
| | B) | constructional play |
| | C) | make-believe play |
| | D) | games with rules |
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16 | |
Which toys are considered appropriate for a 2 year old? |
| | A) | dominos, marbles, checkers |
| | B) | simple games with few pieces that are not small |
| | C) | matching games, simple card games |
| | D) | games involving construction, and balancing |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education