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Human Development Across the Lifespan Cover Image
Human Development Across the Lifespan, 5/e
John S. Dacey, Boston College
John F. Travers, Boston College
Middle Childhood
Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Outline

  1. The changing sense of self
    1. Self-esteem
      1. Perceived self
      2. Ideal self
    2. Self-esteem and competence
      1. Harter's five types of competence
      2. Honesty, support, and encouragement from others
    3. Children and self-control
      1. Self-control defined
      2. The roots of violent behavior
        1. Developmental pathways of chronic offenders
          1. Hyperactivity and oppositional behavior during preschool
          2. Frequent aggressive behavior during school years
          3. Varied forms of delinquency, which appear in adolescence
      3. Clues to troublesome behavior
      4. Children and impulse control
      5. Impulsivity and development
      6. Transformations
  2. The influence of peers
    1. Interactions, relationships, and groups: the middle childhood years
      1. Levels of social complexity
        1. Individual
        2. Interactions
        3. Relationships
        4. Groups
      2. Children's friendships
        1. Social perspective-taking
    2. Peers in middle childhood
  3. Schools and middle childhood
    1. The importance of schools
      1. School effectiveness impacts development
      2. Criteria for positive school environment
        1. Good instructional leadership
        2. Orderly environment
        3. Support of parents and administrators
    2. Schools and development
      1. Schools, development, and learning
        1. Characteristics of learning
        2. Conclusion of Eccles and Rosser's research
  4. Television and development
    1. Television and cognitive development
      1. Children remember what is said
      2. The amount of time spent looking at the set is directly related to age
      3. Specific features of programs attract children
      4. Children quickly learn to relate sound to sight
      5. Television viewing and school achievement are related
    2. Television and violence
      1. Televised violence is a cause of aggressive behavior in children who observe it
      2. Prosocial television programming can foster development
  5. Stress in childhood
    1. Types of stress
    2. Individual differences in reactions to stress
      1. Sex
      2. Age
      3. Temperament
    3. Abused children
      1. Four major types of abuse
      2. The nature of the problem
      3. Parental characteristics leading to child abuse
    4. The special case of sexual abuse
      1. Sexual abuse defined
      2. Effects of sexual abuse
    5. Resilient children
      1. Identifying resilient children
      2. Characteristics of resilient children
        1. Temperament that elicits positive responses
        2. Special interest or talent
        3. Good problem-solving skills
        4. Presence of a supportive adult
        5. Bond with one parent








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