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Child development: Scientific study of change and from conception through adolescence. |
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In the studying of child development, scientists argue about the relative importance of and . |
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Today the study of child development is part of the broader study of which covers the entire life span. |
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The study of development is increasingly directed to the , , , and social policies applied to children. |
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The exploration of child development has evolved and matured to where today, there is a broad regarding fundamental points that have emerged. |
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change: Change in number or amount, such as in height, weight, or size of vocabulary. |
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change: Change in kind, structure, or organization, such as the change from nonverbal to verbal communication. |
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Growth of the body and brain, sensory capacities, motor skills, and health are part of the development. |
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Cognitive development includes mental abilities such as , , , ,and moral reasoning. |
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Change and stability in personality, emotional life, and social relationships constitute development. |
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An idea about how people view members of their particular society on the basis of shared subjective perceptions or assumptions defines . |
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: are differences among children in characteristic influences or development outcomes. |
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: Inborn influences on development, carried on the genes inherited from the parents. |
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environment: Totality of influences on development, external to the self. |
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:Unfolding of a genetically-influenced, often age-related, of physical changes and behavior patterns, including the readiness to master new abilities. |
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nuclear family: Two-generational economic, kinship, and living unit made up of parents and their biological or children. |
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extended family: Multigenerational kinship network of parents, children, and more distant relatives, sometimes living together in an - . |
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socioeconomic status (SES): Combination of economic and social factors, including income, , and occupation. |
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: Group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, and/or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity. |
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: A society's or group's total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, language, and physical products-all behavior passed on from adults to children. |
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characteristic of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group. |
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influences are unusual events that happen to a particular person, or an event that happens at an unusual time of life. |
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period: Specific time during development when a given event will have the greatest impact. |
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plasticity: of performance. |
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:Group of people who share a similar experience, such as growing up at the same time and in the same place. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education