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gestation: The approximately -day period of development between fertilization and birth. |
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principle: Principle that development proceeds in a head-to-toe direction (i.e., that upper parts of the body develop before lower parts). |
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principle: Principle that development proceeds from within to without (i.e., that parts of the body near the center develop before the extremities). |
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stage: First 2 weeks of prenatal development, characterized by rapid cell division, increasing complexity and differentiation, and implantation in the wall of the uterus. |
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stage: Second stage of gestation (2 to 8 weeks), characterized by rapid growth and development of major body systems and organs. |
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spontaneous abortion: Natural expulsion from the uterus of an embryo or fetus that cannot survive outside the womb; also called . |
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stage: Final stage of gestation (from 8 weeks to birth), characterized by increased detail of body parts and greatly enlarged body size. |
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: Prenatal medical procedure using high-frequency waves to detect the outline of a fetus and its movements, so as to determine whether a pregnancy is progressing normally. |
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teratogenic: Capable of causing birth . |
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(abbreviated ): Combination of mental, motor, and developmental abnormalities affecting the offspring of some women who drink heavily during pregnancy. |
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acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): Viral disease that undermines effective of the immune system. |
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amniocentesis: Prenatal diagnostic procedure in which a sample of is withdrawn and analyzed to determine whether any of certain genetic defects are present. |
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chorionic villus sampling (CVS): Prenatal diagnostic procedure in which tissue from villi (hairlike projections of the surrounding the fetus) is analyzed for birth defects. |
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: Prenatal medical procedure in which a scope is inserted in the abdomen of a pregnant woman to permit viewing of the embryo for diagnosis and treatment of abnormalities. |
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preimplantation genetic diagnosis: Medical procedure in which cells from an embryo conceived by are analyzed for genetic defects prior to implantation of the embryo in the mother's uterus. |
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umbilical cord sampling: Prenatal medical procedure in which samples of a fetus's blood are taken from the umbilical cord to assess body functioning; also called . |
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maternal blood test Prenatal diagnostic procedure to detect the presence of fetal abnormalities, used particularly when the fetus is at risk of defects in the . |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education