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Physical Science, 5/e
Bill Tillery, Arizona State University

Water and Solutions

Exercises

  1. A 50.0 g sample of a saline solution contains 1.75 g NaCl. What is the percentage by weight concentration?Answer
  2. A student attempts to prepare a 3.50 percent by weight saline solution by dissolving 3.50 g NaCl in 100 g of water. Since equation 13.2 calls for 100 g of solution, the correct amount of solvent should have been 96.5 g water (100 - 3.5 = 96.5). What percent by weight solution did the student actually prepare?Answer
  3. Seawater contains 30,113 ppm by weight dissolved sodium and chlorine ions. What is the percent by weight concentration of sodium chloride in seawater?Answer
  4. What is the mass of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, in 250 grams of a 3.0% by weight solution?Answer
  5. How many mL of pure alcohol are in a 200 mL glass of wine that is 12 percent alcohol by volume?Answer
  6. How many mL of pure alcohol are in a single cocktail made with 50 mL of 40% vodka? (Note: "Proof" is twice the percent, so 80 proof is 40%.) Answer
  7. If fish in a certain lake are reported to contain 5 ppm by weight DDT, (a) what percentage of the fish meat is DDT?Answer (b) How much of this fish would have to be consumed to reach a poisoning accumulation of 17.0 grams of DDT?Answer
  8. For each of the following reactants, draw a circle around the proton donor and a box around the proton acceptor. Label which acts as an acid and which acts as a base.
    (a) HC2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l)⇔ H3O+(aq) + C2H3O22(aq)
    (b) C6H6NH2(l) + H2O(l)⇔ C6H6NH3+(aq) + OH2(aq)
    (c) HClO4(aq) + HC2H3O2(aq)⇔ H2C2H3O2+(aq) + ClO42(aq)
    (d) H2O(l) + H2O(l)⇔ H3O+(aq) + OH2(aq)Answer