Choose the best answer.

1		In covalent crystals, the atoms are held together by __________________.
			A)	shared electron pairs between adjacent atoms
			B)	the stable assembly of positive and negative ions
			C)	electron transfer between metal and nonmetal atoms
			D)	an electron "gas" that moves freely within the crystal
2		Wan der Waals forces between atoms and between molecules arise from a ________________.
			A)	uniform charge distributions
			B)	nonuniform charge distributions
			C)	electron transfer
			D)	electron sharing
3		Of the following types of chemical bonds, the weakest is _________________.
			A)	ionic
			B)	covalent
			C)	metallic
			D)	van der Waals
4		Which solids are the best electrical conductors?
			A)	covalent
			B)	ionic
			C)	van der Waals
			D)	metallic
5		Suppose there were molecules that had no attraction whatever for one another. A collection of such molecules would form a (an) _________________.
			A)	gas
			B)	liquid
			C)	amorphous solid
			D)	crystalline solid
6		A saturated solution is a solution that ________________.
			A)	contains the maximum amount of solute
			B)	contains the maximum amount of solvent
			C)	is in the process of crystallizing
			D)	contains polar molecules
7		A gas is dissolved in a liquid. When the temperature of the solution is increased, the solubility of the gas _________________.
			A)	increases
			B)	decreases
			C)	remains the same
			D)	any of the above, depending upon the nature of the solution
8		A solid is dissolved in a liquid. When the temperature of the solution is increased, the solubility of the solid ________________.
			A)	increases
			B)	decreases
			C)	remains the same
			D)	any of the above, depending upon the nature of the solution
9		The most strongly polar liquid of the following is _______________.
			A)	water
			B)	alcohol
			C)	a detergent
			D)	gasoline
10		In general, ionic compounds __________________.
			A)	are insoluble in all liquids
			B)	dissolve best in polar liquids
			C)	dissolve best in nonpolar liquids
			D)	dissolve equally well in polar and nonpolar liquids
11		Nonpolar substances usually dissolve most readily in _______________.
			A)	polar liquids
			B)	nonpolar liquids
			C)	acids
			D)	bases
12		A substance that separates into free ions what dissolved in water is said to be __________________.
			A)	polar
			B)	saturated
			C)	an electrolyte
			D)	covalent
13		The ions and atoms (or molecules) of an element _________________.
			A)	have very nearly the same properties except that the ions are electrically charged
			B)	may have strikingly different properties
			C)	always exhibit different colors
			D)	differ in that the ions are always more active chemically than the atoms or molecules
14		The reason pure acids in the liquid state are not dissociated is that their chemical bonds are ________________.
			A)	ionic
			B)	covalent
			C)	metallic
			D)	van der Waals
15		A common strong acid is __________________.
			A)	acetic acid
			B)	boric acid
			C)	nitric acid
			D)	citric acid
16		A base dissolved in water liberates __________________.
			A)	H-
			B)	OH
			C)	OH+
			D)	OH-
17		The net reaction between a strong acid and a strong base is _________________.
			A)	H2O → H+ + OH-
			B)	H+ + OH- → H2O
			C)	H2O + H2O → H3O+ + OH-
			D)	H+ + H2O → H3O+
18		A strong acid or base in solution is completely ________________.
			A)	dissociated
			B)	neutralized
			C)	hydrolyzed
			D)	precipitated
19		A pH of 7 signifies a (an) _________________.
			A)	acid solution
			B)	basic solution
			C)	neutral solution
			D)	solution of polar molecules
20		A concentrated solution of which of the following has the highest pH?
			A)	hydrochloric acid
			B)	acetic acid
			C)	sodium hydroxide
			D)	ammonia