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25.1 Control of Gene Expression

  • Diploid cells are totipotent.
  • There are two types of cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Both are based on understanding how to control gene expression.
  • In prokaryotes, regulator genes control the activity (expression) of other genes.
  • In eukaryotes, the control of gene expression occurs at all stages, from transcription to the activity of proteins.
  • Signaling (communication) between cells occurs in eukaryotes.
  1. What is meant by totipotent?
    Answer

  2. Distinguish between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning.
    Answer

  3. What is the role of a regulator gene in prokaryotic control of gene expression?
    Answer

  4. List the primary levels of control of gene expression seen in eukaryotes.
    Answer

  5. How may a signal from one cell affect another cell?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Gene Regulation

Art Quizzes
    Gene Information Processing – Prokaryotes
    Gene Information Processing – Eukaryotes
    Cloning Experiment

Animation Quizzes
    Regulation of E. coli lac Operon (1)
    Regulation of E. coli lac Operon (2)

Explorations
    Gene Regulation

Labeling Exercise
The lac Operon (26.0K)

Case Study
    Cloning

25.2 Cancer: A Failure of Genetic Control

  • Cancer develops when there is a loss of genetic control over genes involved in cell growth and/or cell division.
  • Mutations of proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes are linked to the development of cancer.
  • Mutated cancer genes may be inherited. Environmental factors also play a role in the development of cancer.
  • Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are standard methods of treating cancer.
  • It is possible to take protective steps to reduce the risk of cancer.
  1. How do cancer cells differ from normal, functional body cells?
    Answer

  2. What are proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes? What role do these play in the development of cancer?
    Answer

  3. What agents are known to bring about the mutations that cause cancer?
    Answer

  4. How is cancer detected and diagnosed?
    Answer

  5. What protective steps can you take to reduce the risk of cancer?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Gene Regulation

Art Quizzes
    Potential Carcinogen – Pollution
    Potential Carcinogen – Diet
    Potential Carcinogen – Smoking

Case Studies
    Got Milk?? Part 1
    Got Milk?? Part 2
    Got Milk?? Part 3

Bioethical Focus
    Alcohol and Tobacco Use








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