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28.1 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

  • Viruses are noncellular. Viruses do reproduce, but may live inside living cells.
  • Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites because they must reproduce inside host cells.
  1. Describe the structure of a typical virus.
    Answer

  2. Give examples of human diseases that are caused by viruses.
    Answer

  3. For what type of infections should antibiotics be prescribed?
    Answer

  4. What type of particle causes mad cow disease, and what is its structure?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Characteristics
    Life Cycles

Art Quiz
    Maintaining Prions

General Biology Weblinks
    Microbiology

28.2 Bacteria and Archea

  • Prokaryotes, the archaea and bacteria, lack a nucleus and most other cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
  • Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by binary fission. Genetic exchange does occur among bacteria.
  • Most prokaryotes are heterotrophic by absorption but some are autotrophic, being either photosynthetic or chemosynthetic.
  1. Describe the basic structure of a prokaryote.
    Answer

  2. What is the primary difference between photosynthetic autotrophs and chemosynthetic autotrophs?
    Answer

  3. What are some human diseases caused by bacteria?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Characteristics
    Diversity

Art Quiz
    Griffith's Experiment of Transformation

28.3 Protists

  • The protists include eukaryotic unicellular organisms and some related multicellular forms.
  • Among protists, algae are the plantlike protists; protozoans are the animal-like protists; slime molds and water molds are the funguslike protists.
  1. What reproductive adaptation do many protists have that allow survival under harsh environmental conditions?
    Answer

  2. List the major groups of protozoans.
    Answer

  3. What human disease caused by a protozoan involves a mosquito?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Characteristics
    Protozoa
    Photosynthetic
    Fungus-like

28.4 Fungi

  • Fungi are multicellular eukaryotes with a filamentous body.
  • Fungi are the most complex organisms to rely on saprotrophic nutrition.
  1. Characterize the fungi.
    Answer

  2. What are lichens?
    Answer

  3. What are examples of diseases caused by fungi?
    Answer

Essential Study Partner
    Characteristics
    Diversity

Art Quiz
    Life Cycle of Rhizopus








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