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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

Echinoderms include ________.
A)sea stars
B)sea urchins
C)sand dollars
D)feather stars and sea lilies
E)all of the above
2

Which of the following is NOT charcteristic of the echinoderms?
A)radial symmetry
B)endoskeleton
C)spines
D)free-swimming bilateral symmetrical larvae
E)all of the above
3

Echinoderms and chordates are considered to both be deuterostomes because _______.
A)their larvae are free-swimming
B)the second embryonic opening becomes the mouth
C)the coelom forms by outpocketing of the primitive gut
D)this is the most primitive form of embryonic development
E)deuterostomes all demonstrate a shift from radial to bilateral symmetry
4

Echinoderms and chordates are considered closely related because _______.
A)they are both deuterostomes
B)the second embryonic opening becomes the mouth
C)they are enterocoelomates where the coelom forms by outpocketing of the primitive gut
D)they both have dipleurula larvae
E)all of the above are similarities
5

A sea star has a(n) _______ side and a(n) ______ side.
A)left, right
B)dorsal, ventral
C)anterior, posterior
D)oral, aboral
E)apical, distal
6

Feeding by a sea star consists of ________.
A)filtering small plankton from the ocean water
B)pursuing, attacking and engulfing slow fish
C)grazing on the algae at the ocean bottom
D)slowly pulling the two shells of a bivalve apart and everting its stomach in order to digest the clam
E)parasitizing larger sea animals
7

Which sea star structure is NOT associated with the water vascular system?
A)the ring canal
B)the stone canal
C)the madreporite (sieve plate)
D)tube feet
E)pedicellariae
8

Which of the following are characteristics of chordates?
A)a dorsal supporting rod
B)a dorsal hollow nerve cord
C)pharyngeal pouches
D)a tail extends beyond the anus
E)all of the above
9

The notochord is just another name for the nerve or spinal cord.
A)True
B)False
10

The _______ retain all four chordate characteristics as adults.
A)tunicates (sea squirts)
B)lancelets
C)bony fish
D)bony fish embryos
E)vertebrates
11

Which of the following are invertebrate chordates?
A)tunicates and lancelets
B)cartilage fish
C)bony fish
D)all chordates below mammals
E)There are no invertebrate chordates.
12

The sea squirts are sessile and do not resemble vertebrates at all. Why are they considered close to the primitive ancestors of vertebrates?
A)they don't fit anywhere else
B)when they get very old, they develop vertebrate features
C)larval sea squirts do swim and have the four chordate characteristics and are likely candidates for vertebrate ancestors
D)they resemble lancelets and lancelets resemble vertebrates
E)their molecular biology is similar to vertebrates
13

Vertebrates are distinguished in particular by which feature(s)?
A)no chordate characteristics
B)jointed internal skeleton
C)lack of cephalization
D)open circulatory system
E)all of the above are vertebrate features
14

The advanced development of head and skull features in order to improve sensory ability is termed ___________.
A)encephalopathy
B)anterior symmetry
C)distal embryology
D)cephalization
E)allomorphic development
15

Vertebrates are adapted to a slow and sedentary lifestyle.
A)True
B)False
16

Major milestones in vertebrate evolution do NOT include ________.
A)the evolution of limbs in amphibians allows movement on land
B)the evolution of a shelled egg in reptiles allows reproduction away from water
C)the evolution of upright stance in birds allows evolution of upright mammals
D)the evolution of jaws in fishes allows animals to be predators
17

Which is NOT true of the jawless fishes, superclass Agnatha?
A)They were a common primitive fish but are all extinct today.
B)Water moved in through the mouth and out through the gill openings.
C)They have smooth, scaleless skin and no jaws or paired fins.
D)Lacking jaws, they are parasitic.
18

______ fishes are the sharks, the rays and the skates.
A)Agnathous or jawless
B)Bony
C)Cartilaginous
D)Freshwater
19

The type of fish eaten most often by humans are the ___________ fish.
A)cartilaginous
B)bony
C)jawless
D)freshwater
20

Which of the following are characteristic of ray-finned fishes?
A)they have skin with scales
B)they have gills
C)they have a two-chambered heart
D)they have a swim bladder
E)all of the above
21

Amphibians differ from fish because they usually have ______.
A)a three-chambered heart
B)a terrestrial adult stage
C)lungs in the adult stage
D)eyelids, ears and a voice-producing larynx
E)all of the above
22

Living amphibians include ______.
A)frogs
B)newts
C)toads
D)salamanders
E)all of the above
23

In reptiles, fertilization is ______.
A)internal
B)external
C)unnecessary
D)self-fertilization since most are hermaphrodites
E)aquatic due to their ancestry
24

Reptiles differ from amphibians because reptiles have ________.
A)warm blood or are endothermic
B)a placenta and give live birth
C)hard, keratinized, dry skin
D)a three-chambered heart
E)all of the above
25

Nearly every anatomical feature of a bird can be related to its ______.
A)dinosaur ancestry
B)lack of hair
C)ability to fly
D)high body temperature
E)nesting behavior
26

Birds have a two-chambered heart.
A)True
B)False
27

Birds are ______ .
A)ectothermic
B)endothermic
C)variably thermoregulatory
D)non-thermic
E)hypothermic
28

Birds have no bladder and therefore ______.
A)do not excrete wastes
B)urinate profusely while flying
C)excrete uric acid in a semi-dry state
D)excrete ammonia in a fluid
E)must recycle and use all metabolic breakdown products
29

______ are egg-laying mammals.
A)Marsupials
B)Monotremes
C)Insectivores
D)Placental mammals
E)Bats
30

Birds are classified according to beak and feather types.
A)True
B)False
31

Important feature(s) of mammals is/are _____________.
A)hair
B)mammary glands
C)a long period of development before they are born
D)insulated endothermy that allows them to survive in cold environments
E)all of the above
32

Compared with marsupials, which of the following characteristics distinguish placental mammals?
A)mammary glands
B)waste and food exchange between embryo and mother
C)infant dependency
D)all of the above
33

Which of the following are mammals?
A)the duck-billed platypus
B)the koala
C)the white-tailed deer
D)humans
E)all of the above
34

Which features are NOT correctly associated?
A)Rodentia--incisors
B)Chiroptera--wings
C)Carnivora--canine teeth
D)Primates--paddlelike forelimbs
35

Primates include the ______.
A)monkeys
B)gorillas
C)lemurs
D)human
E)all of the above
36

In primates, the sense of ______ is more important than the sense of smell.
A)touch
B)hearing
C)sight
D)balance
E)taste
37

The characteristic(s) that distinguish(es) primates from other mammals is/are __________.
A)opposable thumbs
B)nails rather than claws
C)single birth
D)larger, more complex brain
E)all of the above
38

Only humans are classified as hominids.
A)True
B)False
39

Molecular data tells us that the split between humans and apes occurred about ______________ years ago.
A)10 million
B)1 million
C)150,000
D)6 million
E)4 billion
40

The oldest australopithecine fossil is named _______________.
A)Australopithecus afarensis
B)Australopithecus ramidus kadabba
C)Australopithecus aethiopicus
D)Australopithecus anamensis
E)Australopithecus africanus
41

Which of the following is NOT true regarding australopithecines?
A)There are several body forms of australopithecines.
B)Their anatomy indicates australopithecines walked upright.
C)It is known which australopithecine is the direct ancestor to humans.
D)Australopithecines had both human and ape-like characteristics.
E)Australopithecine evolution may have occurred in different parts of Africa.
42

“Lucy” was a hominid called:
A)Australopithecus africanus
B)Australopithecus boisei
C)Ardipithecus ramidus
D)Homo erectus
E)Australopethicus afarensis
43

The brain size for Australopithecus afarensis [or "Lucy"] indicates it still walked on all four limbs.
A)True
B)False
44

The fate of Homo erectus was ______.
A)extinction with another different lineage leading to humans
B)evolution leading directly to Homo habilis and then to modern humans
C)evolution leading eventually to modern humans
D)evolution to Neanderthals but eventual extinction with another different lineage leading to humans
E)totally unknown
45

Compared to species of Australopithecus, Homo erectus fossils have been found ________.
A)only in Africa
B)only in Europe
C)only in Asia
D)in all of the above
46

Fossils of the species Homo sapiens neanderthalensis are dated from about 200,000 years ago.
A)True
B)False
47

Which of the following is NOT true of Neanderthals?
A)Neanderthals had smaller brains than modern humans.
B)Neanderthals displayed evidence of culture.
C)Their thick bodies helped them survive the Ice Age in Europe.
D)They were able to use fire.
E)Neanderthals lived in Europe and Asia.
48

Neanderthals, compared to Cro-Magnon peoples, were _________.
A)culturally primitive
B)smaller brained
C)more muscular
D)unable to survive cold Ice Age weather
E)none of the above
49

Fossils of Homo sapiens are collectively referred to as Cro-Magnon after a fossil location in France.
A)True
B)False
50

Evidence of advanced tool making, art and other cultural attributes is particularly evident with ______.
A)Neanderthal culture
B)Cro-Magnon culture
C)Homo erectus culture
D)even the earliest Australopithecus fossil evidence







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