|
1 | | Which of the following is NOT one of the tenets of Darwin's theory of natural selection? |
|
| | A) | Some individuals have a higher chance of surviving and reproducing than other individuals in the same population. |
| | B) | There are chance variations between individuals in a species. Some variations are heritable. |
| | C) | More offspring are produced in each generation than can be supported by the environment. |
| | D) | Equilibrium models help identify evolutionary forces that can change gene frequencies in populations. |
|
2 | | Alleles which prevent the expression of other alleles are called , while the alleles which they suppress are called . |
|
|
|
3 | | Plant populations of Potentilla glandulosa, which are locally adapted and genetically distinctive populations within a species, are called ecotypes. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
4 | | Recent genetic analysis of three populations of Potentilla, using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, disproves the conjecture that the three populations are three separate species. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
5 | | Glacially formed valleys, headwater streams, and lakes in the Alps have created |
|
| | A) | geographically isolated populations of plants and animals. |
| | B) | reduced gene flow between populations. |
| | C) | extinction of cold water species. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
| | E) | Only a and b are correct. |
|
6 | | Genetic and morphological analyses performed by Douglas and Brunner suggest that the Coregonus of the central Alps is made up of a highly diverse set populations that show a high level of genetic differentiation and should be considered a (n) . |
|
|
|
7 | | Which of the following is NOT necessary to maintain constant allele frequencies in a population? |
|
| | A) | small population size |
| | B) | no mutations |
| | C) | random mating |
| | D) | no immigration |
| | E) | none of the above |
|
8 | | The states that in a population mating at random in the absence of evolutionary forces, allele frequencies will remain constant. |
|
|
|
9 | | Stabilizing selection is a form of natural selection that can impede changes in population. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
10 | | Which of the following best describes directional selection? |
|
| | A) | Two or more phenotypes are common and drive diversity. |
| | B) | It occurs when one extreme phenotype has an advantage over all other phenotypes. |
| | C) | Larger individuals in a population have higher rates of survival than average and small individuals. |
| | D) | All of the above |
| | E) | b and c are correct. |
|
11 | | In the equation for heritability, VG represents whereas VP represents . |
|
|
|
12 | | If when determining heritability, there is no environmental effect, then VE will equal 100 since the equation is a ratio and the value is represented as a percentage. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
13 | | What is the regression coefficient if X = 5, Y = 26, and a = 6? |
|
| | A) | 6 |
| | B) | 4 |
| | C) | 12 |
| | D) | -8 |
|
14 | | Regression analysis uses the dependent variable to determine the regression line and the independent variable to determine heritability. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
15 | | The genetic differences between soapberry bugs feeding on native and introduced soapberry populations provide evidence that these insects have undergone . |
|
|
|
16 | | Scientists are concerned that reduced habitat availability will ultimately _______. |
|
| | A) | increase genetic drift |
| | B) | increase mutations |
| | C) | reduce genetic similarities |
| | D) | reduce genetic diversity |
|
17 | | are forms of an enzyme which researchers use to indicate genetic diversity in a population. |
|
|
|
18 | | Frankham's research demonstrates that island populations have genetic variation than mainland populations. |
|
|
|
19 | | Which of the following factors may influence the vulnerability of a small population to extinction? |
|
| | A) | low genetic variation |
| | B) | inbreeding |
| | C) | reduced fecundity |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
20 | | Heterozygosity is a prime indicator of genetic variability. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
21 | | Transplant experiments in which Potentilla glandulosa plants from three different climates were transplanted to climatically different garden sites indicate that the study populations were genetically . |
|
|
|
22 | | _______ are enzymes with the same biochemical function which researchers use to study genetic differences. |
|
| | A) | Loci |
| | B) | Isozymes |
| | C) | Allozymes |
| | D) | Restriction enzymes |
|
23 | | Restriction fragments are specific sites on an enzyme that tells the nucleotide to replicate and create restriction enzymes. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
|
24 | | During the method, randomly chosen primers are used to amplify unspecific DNA sequences. |
|
|
|
25 | | The genomes of many species including humans are determined by the process of _______. |
|
| | A) | electrophoresis |
| | B) | DNA sequencing |
| | C) | RAPD method |
| | D) | isoenzyme analysis |