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Nutrition for Health, Fitness, & Sport, 7/e
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Minerals: The Inorganic Regulators

True or False



1

A mineral is an inorganic element found in nature.
A)True
B)False
2

Athletic activity may raise mineral requirements.
A)True
B)False
3

Low calorie diets are always mineral deficient.
A)True
B)False
4

Macrominerals are minerals needed in amounts of 100 mg per day or more.
A)True
B)False
5

Excess phosphorous, fiber or oxalates (in spinach) may decrease calcium absorption.
A)True
B)False
6

Vegetarian diets are generally calcium deficient.
A)True
B)False
7

Osteoporosis is primarily due to a deficiency of phosphorous and magnesium.
A)True
B)False
8

Both excessive physical activity or inactivity can play a role in the development and course of osteoporosis.
A)True
B)False
9

Research has clearly demonstrated that phosphate salt supplementation is an effective ergogenic aid.
A)True
B)False
10

Heme iron has greater bioavailability than nonheme iron.
A)True
B)False
11

All athletic women should take supplemental iron.
A)True
B)False
12

If major mineral nutrition is adequate, particularly including foods rich in calcium and iron, micronutrient nutrition is most likely adequate.
A)True
B)False
13

Most calcium and phosphorous in the body is in the bones and teeth.
A)True
B)False
14

Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine.
A)True
B)False
15

Drinking water may contain various minerals and contribute to the mineral content of the diet.
A)True
B)False
16

Calcium is most prevalent in the milk food group.
A)True
B)False
17

Megadoses of minerals are generally safe.
A)True
B)False
18

Chromium supplementation helps to increase muscle mass and decrease body fat.
A)True
B)False
19

Individuals with mineral deficiencies will absorb more and individuals with excess body stores will absorb less.
A)True
B)False
20

Current thinking is that all postmenopausal women should use hormonal therapy to prevent osteoporosis.
A)True
B)False
21

The Daily Value (DV) on food labels for zinc, which is 15 milligrams, is almost twice the RDA for adult females.
A)True
B)False
22

The FDA recently has recommended that women who may become pregnant and all small children should not eat any shark, swordfish, or several other types of fish that may contain high levels of mercury.
A)True
B)False