| Access data project | A special type of Access database file that enables you to work with data stored in a server-side database engine such as the Microsoft Data Engine (MSDE) or SQL Server. An Access project contains the front-end components (including forms, reports, macros, and modules) of a client/server database application.
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| action query | An Access query object that performs mass changes to the data it retrieves from one or more tables. There are four types of action queries: update, delete, append, and make table.
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| actions
| In defining a macro, the command activities that you perform such as opening and closing forms.
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| ActiveX controls
| Re-usable program components or objects that provide some functionality; for example, calendar applications, Internet connectivity, and interface elements.
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| ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) models
| The recommended data architecture for Microsoft Access; provides common objects for accessing data stored in a variety of database engines including JET and SQL Server.
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| Application window | In Windows, each running application program appears in its own application window. These windows may be sized and moved anywhere on the Windows desktop.
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| arguments
| In the Macro window, the properties or parameters that you enter to control how a macro action executes.
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| AutoExec macro | A special macro object that Access executes automatically when a database is first opened. To stop the AutoExec macro from running, hold down the Shift key as the database opens.
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| AutoFormat | A software feature that applies professionally designed formatting styles to your documents.
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| AutoForm Wizard | An Access wizard that creates a form automatically, using all of the fields from the selected table object in the Database window. There are three types of AutoForm Wizards: Columnar, Tabular, and Datasheet.
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| AutoLookup query
| A type of query object that fetches data automatically from the "one" side of a table relationship for display with data from the "many" side.
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| AutoNumber | A field data type that provides a unique value for each record automatically. The three types of AutoNumber fields include sequential (incremented by 1), random, and replication. You cannot delete or modify the values generated for an AutoNumber field.
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| AutoPage Wizard | An Access wizard that creates a columnar data access page automatically based on the data stored in the selected table or query.
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| AutoReport Wizard | An Access wizard that creates a columnar or tabular report automatically, using all of the fields from the selected table or query object in the Database window. There are two types of AutoReport Wizards: Columnar and Tabular.
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| bitmap
| Created by a painting program, a raster graphic file that is created and stored as a series of individual pixels or dots. Raster (bitmap) files are typically larger than vector (metafile) files. Some popular bitmap formats include BMP, GIF, JPG, PCX, and TIF.
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| bound controls | A control whose source of data is a field in a table or query. Bound controls are used to retrieve, store, edit, and display data.
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| breakpoint
| In VBA code, a user-defined stopping point that interrupts a procedure's execution and displays the Visual Basic Editor.
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| business rules | Guidelines for how data is used by people in the real world. Business rules include the constraints, restrictions, or limitations imposed on a table or field when working with and using data. In Access, these rules are specified and enforced using field properties.
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| calculated controls | In a form or report, a control that evaluates an expression and displays a result.
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| calculated field | In a query, a field that evaluates an expression and displays a result in a dynaset Datasheet window.
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| Cell | In a datasheet, the intersection of a column (field) and a row (record).
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| child table | In a one-to-many relationship, the table containing foreign key values that match the values stored in the primary key field of the parent table.
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| class module
| A collection of event procedures and code associated with a particular form or report object in Microsoft Access. General procedures and functions are stored in standard modules.
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| Code window | In the Visual Basic Editor, the window containing the procedure code; used for coding and debugging program statements.
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| coding
| Developing and writing code manually from scratch.
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| collection
| Object type that acts as a container for a set of similar objects.
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| column chart
| A chart that compares one data element with another data element and can show variations over a period of time.
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| compound control | In a form or report, a bound text box control and its associated label control. These two controls are inserted and manipulated together as a single control.
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| concatenate | In Access, joining together data from separate fields using the ampersand “&” operator; combining characters, usually in a calculated field, to form a new string.
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| conditional formatting | The ability to format an object automatically based on whether an expression evaluates to true or false.
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| conditional logic | The method by which criteria statements are joined and executed in a query statement.
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| constants | Variables that do not change; typically used to reference values in your code using English-language terms, such as TAXRATE.
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| controls | Objects or elements of a form or report. Access supplies three types of controls: bound controls, unbound controls, and calculated controls. Typical controls include labels, text boxes, and command buttons.
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| control structures
| Group of program statements that allows you to make decisions and direct the flow of executed instructions; two common control structures are "branching" and "looping."
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| crosstab query | An Access query object that summarizes a field’s values and presents the results in a spreadsheet-like table display.
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| Data Access Object (DAO) model
| An older and firmly established data architecture; provides specific objects for accessing data stored in the Microsoft Access JET database engine.
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| data access page | A special type of Web page that is connected to a database and allows you to work with data through the Microsoft Internet Explorer Web browser.
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| Database | A collection of related data. In Access, a database includes a collection of objects—tables, queries, reports, forms, and other objects.
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| database management system (DBMS) | A software tool that lets you create and maintain an information database.
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| Database Splitter Wizard
| In Access, a software feature that separates a database file into two databases-one containing table objects and the other containing everything else. The "data only" database is typically placed on a shared network server. The "interface only" database resides locally and uses linked tables to access data stored on the network server.
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| Database window | The control center for an Access database. Using the Objects bar, categorizes and lists the objects stored in a database.
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| Database Wizard | In Access, a software feature for creating a complete database application based on professionally designed database templates.
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| Datasheet | A window used for displaying multiple records from a table using an electronic spreadsheet layout of horizontal rows and vertical columns.
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| Datasheet view | The method or mode of displaying table data using a datasheet.
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| data source | In a mail merge, the variable data that is fed into a main document during the merge process.
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| debugging
| A programming term that means locating errors in your VBA code and correcting those errors.
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| decrypting
| The process of deciphering and returning an encrypted database to its original form.
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| delimiter
| A symbol or character, such as a tab or quotation mark, that is used to separate fields or columns of information in a text file.
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| Design Master | In replication, the master database file that you use to create new replicas and to modify the database objects for a replica set.
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| Design view | Each database object in Access may be opened in display mode or Design view mode. You use Design view to define table structures, construct queries, build forms, and design reports.
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| Documenter | In Access, a tool for documenting and printing the design characteristics of a database object.
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| Dynaset | In Access, the result of a query. A dynaset is displayed as a table in Datasheet view of the records matching the query parameters.
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| embedding
| A way of sharing data and exchanging information; refers to the process of inserting a source object into a destination container object, such as an Access form or report.
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| encrypting
| The process of scrambling visually the contents of a database so that other software programs cannot view the data. The database is still accessible to Access, although usually at lesser speeds.
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| entity integrity | A general integrity rule for database design that requires primary key fields to contain unique values. Also, primary key values must not be empty, that is, contain null values or zero-length strings.
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| event
| An action or reaction that occurs in Windows programming. You can code unique responses to events such as performing a macro or procedure whenever a button is clicked.
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| event-driven programming | Coding a program to respond to events that may occur such as clicking a button; uses objects, properties, and methods to describe elements, attributes, and actions.
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| event procedures
| The macro or procedure code that is executed when a particular event occurs.
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| Exclusive mode
| Describes the state of opening an Access database exclusively; other users on the network are prevented from opening the database at the same time.
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| expression | A combination of field names, mathematical operators, comparison operators, logical operators, and constants that produce a calculated result.
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| Expression Builder | In Access, a software feature that helps you build expressions by providing pick lists of table and field names, operators, and constants.
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| Field | A single item, or column, of information in a record.
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| Field Grid pane | In table Design view, the top portion of the window where you specify field names, data types, and descriptions.
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| Field header area | In an Access Datasheet window, the top frame or border area that contains the field names as column headings.
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| Field List window | In form Design view and report Design view, a window that displays the field names from the underlying table or query. Use the Field List window to drag bound text box controls for placement in a Form or Report window.
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| Field Properties pane | In table Design view, the bottom portion of the window where you specify field properties and characteristics..
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| field validation rule | An expression that evaluates to “True” or “False” when the user inputs or modifies a field value and then attempts to leave the field. If the entry violates the rule (result is “False”), the user is returned to the field and forced to correct the entry or cancel the operation. See also record validation rule and validation text.
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| Filter | The process or method of temporarily restricting the display of records in a table to those that match a particular search criterion or pattern.
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| Filter By Form | In Access, a command that returns a subset of records from a table matching a filter specification.
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| Filter By Selection | In Access, a command that returns a subset of records from a table matching the selected value in a datasheet.
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| Filter Excluding Selection | In Access, a command that returns a subset of records from a table not matching the selected value in a datasheet.
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| Filter For Input | In Access, a command that returns a subset of records from a table matching a filter specification that you enter in a right-click menu's text box.
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| flat-file database | A database system that is unable to meet the objectives of normalization and to successfully relate tables of records.
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| focus | The state of a control when it is selected. Focus refers to the active control on a form that will accept input or commands from the user.
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| foreign-key | A field that refers to the primary key field in another table.
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| Form | A database object used for displaying table data one record at a time.
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| Form Detail | In a form, the section that contains the bound controls for displaying data from a table or query.
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| Form Footer | In a form, the section that contains the items you want to display at the bottom of each form.
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| Form Header | In a form, the section that contains the items you want to display at the top of each form.
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| Form window | In Access, a window that displays a form object.
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| Form wizards | Access tools that simplify the process of creating a form.
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| Function procedure
| In VBA, a procedure that typically performs a calculation and returns a value to the calling program.
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| Group Footer | In a report, the section that organizes a set of items for display and typically contains subtotals for printing after the group’s Detail section.
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| Group Header | In a report, the section that organizes a set of items for display and typically contains column headings for printing before the group’s Detail section.
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| Groups bar | The icon buttons appearing in the Database window that allow you to create custom groups and organize object shortcuts for managing a database.
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| HTML | An acronym for Hypertext Markup Language, which is the standardized markup language used in creating documents for display on the World Wide Web.
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| hyperlink | In terms of Internet technologies, a text string or graphic that when clicked takes you to another location, either within the same document or to a separate document stored on your computer, an intranet, or onto the Internet.
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| Immediate window | In the Visual Basic Editor, the window that you use to enter expressions for immediate calculation; you can also use the debug.print statement to send output from a procedure to the Immediate window.
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| Index | A feature of a table object that allows you to pre-sort a table based on key values. Indexes speed up searching, sorting, and other database operations. (Note: The primary key is indexed automatically.)
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| input mask | A combination of characters and symbols that are used to designate formatting placeholders for making data entry easier and less susceptible to error. Selecting or building an input mask is facilitated by the Input Mask Wizard.
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| Internet | A worldwide network of computer networks that are interconnected by standard telephone lines, fiber optics, and satellites.
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| keywords
| Reserved words that hold special meaning for the VBA compiler and, therefore, cannot be used as a variable or constant name.
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| Label Wizard | An Access wizard that creates a mailing labels report based on the size, shape, and formatting of standard mailing labels.
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| Layout Wizard
| In Access, a software feature that handles the connection parameters and other technical information required for creating a data access page.
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| line chart
| A chart that plots trends or shows changes over a period of time.
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| Linked Table Manager
| In Access, a software feature that enables you to verify and refresh the storage locations of linked tables in a database.
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| linking
| A way of sharing data and exchanging information; refers to the process of establishing a dynamic link between a source object or database file that is stored on the disk and a destination container object such as an Access table, form, or report.
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| linking table | In a many-to-many relationship, the table that contains the primary keys from more than one primary table in order to establish a table relationship.
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| lookup field | A field that displays a drop-down list of acceptable values. A lookup field is populated by data stored in a list (Value List) or in a table (Lookup List). Creating a lookup field is facilitated by the Lookup Wizard.
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| macro
| A set of actions that you store in a database object to automate repetitive procedures.
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| Macro Builder
| In Access, a software feature that enables you to define a macro from an object's event procedure property text box.
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| macro group
| The combination of two or more macros stored in a single database object.
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| mail merge | In word processing software, the process of combining main documents with data sources to generate form letters, mailing labels, envelopes, and lists.
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| Mail Merge Wizard
| A series of dialog boxes that provide helpful tips for setting up a mail merge.
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| main document | In a mail merge, the document that contains the static information that remains the same for all merged documents.
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| main form | A form that acts as a container for a subform. A main form typically displays a single record (the one side in a one-to-many relationship) in a columnar or justified form layout.
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| main report | A report that acts as a container for a subreport. A main report typically provides the report header, footer, and summary information, while the subreport provides the details.
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| many-to-many relationship | In relational database design, the table relationship that exists when one record in table A is related to multiple records in table B, and vice versa.
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| margins | Space between the edge of the paper and the top, bottom, left, and right edges of the printed document.
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| MDE file
| An alternative file format for saving Microsoft Access (MDB) database files. Saving a database as an MDE file compiles and then removes all VBA code in order to compact and protect the database.
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| metafile
| Created by a drawing program, a vector or object-oriented graphic file that can be stretched and resized without loss of quality. Some popular metafile formats, which store graphics as dimensions and formulas, include CGM (computer graphics metafile) and WMF (Windows metafile format).
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| method
| The actions that can be performed on or by an object, such as activate, open, and close.
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| Microsoft Data Engine (MSDE) | A fully SQL Server-compatible database engine for desktop database applications. The MSDE is primarily used with Access data projects in creating small-scale client/server applications.
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| Microsoft Office Web Components
| Component objects of executable program code that allow you to view and interact with Microsoft Office XP data using the Microsoft Internet Explorer Web browser software.
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| normalization | In relational database design, the process of organizing fields and tables to reduce the duplication of data.
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| Null value | Nothing; an empty or zero-length string.
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| object model
| A conceptual map for the hierarchical chain of objects that are exposed by an application.
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| Objects bar | The strip of icon buttons appearing in the Database window that allows you to display a particular category of database objects.
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| Office Clipboard | A program, in Microsoft Office, that allows you to copy and move information within or among Office applications. Unlike the Windows Clipboard, the Office Clipboard can store up to twenty-four items and then paste them all at once.
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| Office Links
| In Office XP, automation tools that facilitate sharing data with other Office XP applications.
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| one-to-many relationship | In relational database design, the table relationship that exists when one record in table A is related to multiple records in table B, but one record in table B is related to only one record in table A.
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| one-to-one relationship | In relational database design, the table relationship that exists when one record in table A is related to one record in table B, and vice versa.
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| orientation | Describes how a page is printed. Letter-size paper with a portrait orientation measures 8.5 inches wide by 11 inches high, while a landscape orientation is rotated to measure 11 inches wide by 8.5 inches high.
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| Page Footer | In a form or report, the descriptive information (such as page number and date) that appears at the bottom of each printed page.
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| Page Header | In a form or report, the descriptive information (such as column headings and border lines) that appears at the top of each printed page.
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| Page View | The method or mode of displaying data using a data access page.
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| Page Wizard | An Access wizard that helps you create a data access page by selecting fields and then specifying grouping, sorting, and titling options.
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| parameter query | An Access query object that displays a dialog box and accepts input from a user prior to performing an operation. Parameter queries may be used to accept last-minute or runtime criteria entries for retrieving data.
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| parent table | In a one-to-many relationship, the table containing the primary key field that is used to establish and control the table relationship.
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| Partial Replica Wizard
| In Access, a software feature that you use to create a replica containing only a portion of the complete data set.
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| password
| A series of characters that you can use as a lock and key to restrict access to a database file. The best passwords combine letters, numbers, and special symbols, which makes them difficult to guess.
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| Performance Analyzer Wizard
| In Access, a software feature that you use to analyze and optimize the performance of database objects.
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| pie chart
| A chart that shows the proportions of individual components compared to the whole.
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| PivotChart view
| A view mode that enables you to analyze and summarize large amounts of data using an interactive chart format.
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| PivotTable view
| A view mode that enables you to analyze and summarize large amounts of data using an interactive table format.
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| Places bar | The strip of icon buttons appearing in the Open and Save As dialog boxes that allow you to display the most common areas for retrieving and storing files using a single mouse click.
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| Preview | The act of displaying on-screen a document, worksheet, or report prior to sending it to the printer. An on-screen preview window displays a soft copy of a document, while the printer prepares the hard copy.
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| Primary key | A field whose values uniquely identify each record in a table. The primary key provides the default sort order for a table and is used to establish connections to and relationships with other tables.
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| program statement
| A line of code combining objects, properties, methods, variables, constants, symbols, and/or other elements to perform a task.
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| Project Explorer window | In the Visual Basic Editor, the window that displays the open project files, including form, report, and independent modules.
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| project file | In the Visual Basic Editor, a project file is a container for storing and organizing related or associated module objects.
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| Properties window
| In the Visual Basic Editor, the window that displays property settings for the selected object(s); you can change an object's properties at design time using this window.
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| property | A characteristic or attribute of an object.
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| property
| A characteristic or attribute of an object such as its name or color.
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| Query | A database object that you use to ask a question of your data. The results from a query are typically displayed using a datasheet.
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| query-by-example (QBE) | The process of querying a database in a visual mode by selecting field columns, choosing sort orders, and specifying record criteria.
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| Query Design grid | In query Design view, the bottom portion of the window where you specify the fields to display, enter criteria expressions, and specify sort orders.
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| Record | An individual entry, or row, in a table. A record contains one or more fields.
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| Record selection area | The row frame area located to the left of the first column in a datasheet. Used for selecting records.
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| record validation rule | An expression that evaluates to “True” or “False” when the user inputs or modifies field data and then attempts to leave the record. If an entry violates the rule (result is “False”), the user is returned to the record and forced to correct the entries or cancel the operation. See also field validation rule and validation text.
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| referential integrity | The rules that must be followed to preserve the validity of a table relationship. When enforced, these rules prevent you from entering a foreign key value until a primary key value already exists in the primary table. Furthermore, you may not delete or update a primary key value that has foreign key values in related tables.
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| relational database(s) | A database that is comprised of normalized tables linked via common fields.
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| replicas | In replication, a single copy of the Design Master database that can be used independently to add and modify data. A replica can be synchronized with other members in the replica set.
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| replica set | In replication, a group of replicas that share and synchronize to the same Design Master.
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| replication | The process of creating copies of a database for the purpose of working independently and to facilitate exchanging and synchronizing updates and database objects with other members in the replica set.
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| Report(s) | A database object used for viewing, compiling, summarizing, and printing information.
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| Report Detail | In a report, the section that contains the bound controls for printing data from a table or query.
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| Report Footer | In a report, the section that contains the items you want to display at the end of a report.
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| Report Header | In a report, the section that contains the items you want to display at the beginning of a report.
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| Report snapshot | A Windows graphic metafile that stores an accurate representation, including fonts, graphics, and colors, of each page in a report. You do not need Access installed on your computer to view a report snapshot. Instead, you can use the free Microsoft Snapshot Viewer to open, view, and print snapshots.
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| Report wizards | Access tools that simplify the process of creating a report.
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| scope
| The level of visibility in which a procedure or variable operates. A variable's scope or visibility may be at the procedure level (private), module level, or macro level (public).
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| Select query | A type of query object that lets you ask questions of your database, retrieve data from multiple tables, sort the data, and display the results in a datasheet.
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| Simple Query Wizard | In Access, a software feature that simplifies the process of creating a query.
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| Sort key | The field or column used to sort the contents of a datasheet.
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| SQL | Abbreviation for Structured Query Language. A standardized database query language that is popular in client/server database applications. Using SQL, you typically enter language statements instead of making selections from a visual query-by-example (QBE) interface.
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| Subdatasheet | An extension of a datasheet that provides a picture-in-picture display of related or hierarchical data.
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| subform | A form that is embedded in a main form. A subform typically displays records that are related to the active record in a main form in a tabular or datasheet layout.
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| Sub procedure
| In VBA, the default procedure type that is used to perform a series of instructions and to effect change on its environment.
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| subreport | A report that is embedded in a main report. A subreport provides the detail section for a comprehensive report that typically includes report headers, report footers, and other sections.
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| switchboard form | A form that acts as a main menu for a database application. A switchboard form displays command buttons that help users navigate among objects, procedures, forms, and reports.
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| Switchboard Manager | In Access, a software feature for managing the creation and customization of a switchboard form.
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| synchronize | In replication, the process of exchanging and updating the contents of objects between two members in the replica set.
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| syntax
| In VBA code, the rules that each program statement must follow in order to execute properly.
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| Table | A database object used to collect and store data relating to a particular subject or topic.
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| Table Analyzer Wizard
| In Access, a software feature that you use to analyze and normalize table objects in a database.
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| Table Wizard | In Access, a software feature that simplifies the process of creating a table.
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| tab order | The order in which text boxes and other bound controls are accessed when the user presses Tab. Shift + Tab reverses the tab order.
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| Task Pane | A toolbar-like window providing quick access to frequently used commands. By default, the Task Pane appears docked to the right side of the application window, but it may be displayed and hidden using the View, Toolbars menu command.
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| Toolbox window | In Design view, the window containing controls, such as labels, text boxes, and command buttons, that you can select for use in forms and reports.
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| Typeface | The shape and appearance of characters. There are two categories of typefaces: serif and sans serif. Serif type (for example, Times Roman) is more decorative and, some say, easier to read than sans serif type (for example, Arial).
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| unbound controls | A control that doesn’t have a source of data. Includes label controls and decorative graphic objects used to enhance a form or report.
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| Undo command | A command that makes it possible to reverse the last command or action performed.
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| upsizing
| The process of converting a desktop database, such as an MDB database file creating in Microsoft Access, to a true client/server solution, such as SQL Server. Upsizing typically separates the data from the interface components (forms and reports.)
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| user defined functions
| In VBA, a function procedure that you code to perform a calculation and return a result.
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| validation text | When a validation rule is violated, the text that displays in the warning dialog box. See also field validation rule and record validation rule.
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| variable
| A temporary value or storage location in memory for data that can be adjusted and modified.
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| variant
| The default data type in VBA that allows you to store any kind of data.
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| VB Script
| A scripting language based on the Visual Basic language and designed for creating Web-based applications.
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| Visual Basic Editor | A special utility program for creating, editing, and managing VBA macros and procedures. See Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
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| watermark
| Text or a graphic that appears faded in the background of a form or report.
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| Wildcard characters | Special symbols that are used to represent other alphanumeric characters in search, filter, and query operations. You can use the question mark (?) to represent any single character and the asterisk (*) to represent any group of characters.
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| Windows Clipboard | A program, in Windows, that allows you to copy and move information within an application or among applications. The Windows Clipboard temporarily stores the information in memory before you paste the data in a new location.
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| World Wide Web | A visual interface to the Internet based on hyperlinks. Using Web browser software, you click on hyperlinks to navigate resources on the Internet.
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| XML | Abbreviation for Extensible Markup Language. XML is a structured markup language, similar to HTML, which is used for describing and exchanging data on the World Wide Web.
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| XY chart
| A chart that shows how one or more data elements are related to another data element. Also called scatter plot diagrams.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education