Multiple Choice Quiz


1	An intense internal force that motivates behavior is known as a(n)
		A)	incentive.
		B)	drive.
		C)	reinforcement.
		D)	reward.


2	What, according to Hull, is reinforcing?
		A)	drive reduction
		B)	drive induction
		C)	incentive reduction
		D)	incentive deduction


3	If drive motivation is based on deprivation, incentive motivation is based on
		A)	drive reduction.
		B)	habit strength.
		C)	inhibition.
		D)	reward value.


4	Environmental stimuli can acquire the ability to produce an internal drive state. Hull called these
		A)	environmental drives.
		B)	acquired drives.
		C)	conditioned drives.
		D)	unconditioned drives.


5	Habit strength increases based on
		A)	incentive induction.
		B)	drive reduction.
		C)	inhibition induction.
		D)	behavioral induction.


6	When a response continues to fail to produce drive reduction, it is permanently suppressed via
		A)	reactive inhibition.
		B)	latent inhibition.
		C)	conditioned inhibition.
		D)	higher order inhibition.


7	Crespi's findings regarding the effect of reward magnitude on running speed forced Hull to propose that
		A)	reward magnitude directly influences motivation.
		B)	reward magnitude has no effect on motivation.
		C)	shifts in reward result in forgetting.
		D)	learning is reduced with large reward.


8	According to Amsel, the extinction of an instrumental response is due to
		A)	anger.
		B)	frustration.
		C)	repression.
		D)	anxiety.


9	In Mowrer's two-factor theory of avoidance learning, the two factors are
		A)	vicarious learning and classical conditioning.
		B)	instrumental conditioning and operant conditioning.
		C)	classical conditioning and Pavlovian conditioning.
		D)	classical conditioning and instrumental (or operant) conditioning.


10	Guthrie believed that all learning is
		A)	S-R associations reinforced by drive reduction.
		B)	S-R associations based on contiguity.
		C)	S-S associations based on reinforcement.
		D)	S-S associations based on contiguity.


11	Which traditional theorist believed that behavior involves purpose, goals, and expectations?
		A)	Tolman
		B)	Hull
		C)	Thorndike
		D)	Skinner


12	Spence's anticipatory goal concept is comparable to Tolman's
		A)	cathexis.
		B)	cognitive map.
		C)	equivalence belief principle.
		D)	law of effect.


13	Which traditional learning theorist believed that the use of hypothetical constructs does not contribute to our understanding of behavior?
		A)	Hull
		B)	Skinner
		C)	Tolman
		D)	Rotter


14	Guthrie rejected Thorndike's
		A)	law of exercise.
		B)	law of readiness.
		C)	law of equivalence.
		D)	law of effect.


15	According to Tolman, reward is not required for learning but is required for
		A)	extinction.
		B)	performance.
		C)	memory.
		D)	direction.

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