When students have studied the material in the chapter, they will be able to answer the following:

• Introduction
1. What are the major cognitive advances and limitations of middle childhood?
2. What are the connections between social interaction and cognitive development in middle childhood?
3. How do the real-world demands placed on children this age, at home and at school, allow for and foster cognitive development?
• Major cognitive developments of middle childhood
4. How does children's understanding of conservation change during middle childhood?
5. How does children's understanding of classification improve during middle childhood?
6. How do children's attentional abilities change from early to middle childhood?
7. How do changes in memory capacity, knowledge base, mnemonic strategies, and metamemory contribute to memory development in middle childhood?
• Social interaction and cognitive development
8. How do didactic and cooperative learning experiences advance children's cognitive development?
• Individual differences in intelligence
9. Explain the various ways that psychologists have conceptualized intelligence.
10. What roles do heredity and environment, including culture, play in the development of intelligence?
• Culture and school achievement
11. In what ways are culture and school achievement related?