 |
| 1 | |
Which of these is a measurement of gravitational force? |
| | A) | mass |
| | B) | matter |
| | C) | weight |
| | D) | valance |
| | E) | electronegativity |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
Neutrons are subatomic particles that are located |
| | A) | in the nucleus and have a positive charge. |
| | B) | in the nucleus and have no charge. |
| | C) | in the nucleus and have a negative charge. |
| | D) | around the nucleus and have a positive charge. |
| | E) | around the nucleus and have a negative charge. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the |
| | A) | electrons. |
| | B) | neutrons. |
| | C) | protons. |
| | D) | protons and neutrons. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
The simplest type of matter with unique chemical properties is |
| | A) | an electron. |
| | B) | an element. |
| | C) | a neutron. |
| | D) | a proton. |
| | E) | an isotope. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of |
| | A) | electrons in each atom. |
| | B) | neutrons in each atom. |
| | C) | protons in each atom. |
| | D) | protons plus electrons in each atom. |
| | E) | neutrons plus electrons in each atom. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Which of the pairs below are equal to each other in an atom? |
| | A) | neutrons and protons |
| | B) | protons and electrons |
| | C) | neutrons and electrons |
| | D) | atomic number and mass number |
| | E) | mass number and electrons |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Given that manganese (Mn) has an atomic number of 25 and a mass number of 55, an atom of manganese has |
| | A) | 25 neutrons. |
| | B) | 25 electrons. |
| | C) | 30 electrons. |
| | D) | 55 protons. |
| | E) | 80 neutrons. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Selenium (Se) has 34 protons and 46 neutrons in each atom, therefore its atomic number is __________ and its mass number is __________. |
| | A) | 12, 46 |
| | B) | 34, 46 |
| | C) | 12, 34 |
| | D) | 34, 80 |
| | E) | 46, 80 |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
14N and 15N are |
| | A) | different elements. |
| | B) | atoms with different atomic numbers. |
| | C) | isotopes of the same element. |
| | D) | identical except for different numbers of electrons. |
| | E) | identical except for different numbers of protons. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
In the human body, which element makes up the largest percentage of atoms by number? |
| | A) | carbon |
| | B) | fluorine |
| | C) | hydrogen |
| | D) | nitrogen |
| | E) | oxygen |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Given that the atomic mass of magnesium is 24.31, which of these statements is true? |
| | A) | 24.31g of magnesium contains 1 mol of magnesium atoms. |
| | B) | 24.31g of magnesium contains Avogadro's number of magnesium atoms. |
| | C) | 24.31g of magnesium contains 6.022 x 1023 magnesium atoms. |
| | D) | 24.31g of magnesium has the same number of atoms as 12.01 g of carbon.. |
| | E) | All of these are true. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined largely by |
| | A) | its number of protons. |
| | B) | its outermost electrons. |
| | C) | the size of the electron cloud. |
| | D) | its mass. |
| | E) | its weight. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Chemical bonding occurs when the __________ are transferred or shared between atoms. |
| | A) | outer protons |
| | B) | largest neutrons |
| | C) | outermost electrons |
| | D) | innermost electrons |
| | E) | outermost protons |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Ionic bonding occurs when |
| | A) | a cation and an anion are attracted to each other. |
| | B) | two cations are attracted to each other. |
| | C) | two anions are attracted to each other. |
| | D) | two atoms lose protons. |
| | E) | two atoms lose neutrons. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
An atom that gains an electron |
| | A) | becomes a cation. |
| | B) | becomes a different isotope of the same element. |
| | C) | has a different atomic number. |
| | D) | becomes an anion. |
| | E) | explodes. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
A calcium ion (Ca2+) has |
| | A) | lost two electrons. |
| | B) | gained two electrons. |
| | C) | gained two protons. |
| | D) | lost two protons. |
| | E) | gained two neutrons. |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
When two hydrogen atoms each share an electron with an oxygen atom (H2O), |
| | A) | polar covalent bonding occurs. |
| | B) | nonpolar covalent bonding occurs. |
| | C) | ionic bonding occurs. |
| | D) | metallic bonding occurs. |
| | E) | it is called a james bond. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
When a positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to a negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule, |
| | A) | covalent bonding occurs. |
| | B) | hydrogen bonding occurs. |
| | C) | ionic bonding occurs. |
| | D) | metallic bonding occurs. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Potassium chloride is formed when a potassium ion (K+) is attracted to a chloride ion (Cl-). Therefore, potassium chloride is |
| | A) | an atom. |
| | B) | a molecule. |
| | C) | a compound. |
| | D) | a metal. |
| | E) | all of these |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
If potassium chloride is placed in water, it will |
| | A) | form strong covalent bonds with the water molecules. |
| | B) | dissociate into separate ions. |
| | C) | not mix with the water. |
| | D) | become nonpolar. |
| | E) | form covalent potassium chloride molecules. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Which of these substances is nonpolar? |
| | A) | canola oil |
| | B) | glucose |
| | C) | potassium chloride |
| | D) | sodium chloride (table salt) |
| | E) | sucrose (table sugar) |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Which of these substances is an electrolyte? |
| | A) | canola oil |
| | B) | glucose |
| | C) | fructose |
| | D) | sodium chloride |
| | E) | sucrose |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
A synthesis reaction |
| | A) | may be a dehydration reaction. |
| | B) | results in catabolism. |
| | C) | may be a hydrolysis reaction. |
| | D) | breaks down a larger reactant into two or more smaller products. |
| | E) | all of these |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
All of the synthesis and decomposition reactions that take place in the body are collectively referred to as |
| | A) | anabolism. |
| | B) | catabolism. |
| | C) | dissociation. |
| | D) | electrolytes. |
| | E) | metabolism. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
The gain of an electron by an atom is called |
| | A) | anabolism. |
| | B) | catabolism. |
| | C) | oxidation. |
| | D) | reduction. |
| | E) | synthesis. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
In which of these types of reactions does an equilibrium occur? |
| | A) | decomposition reaction |
| | B) | synthesis reaction |
| | C) | exchange reaction |
| | D) | reversible reaction |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Chemical events in cells are regulated primarily by mechanisms that control either the concentration or the activity of |
| | A) | acids. |
| | B) | bases. |
| | C) | enzymes. |
| | D) | lipids. |
| | E) | sugars. |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
__________ energy results from the relative positions and interactions among the charged subatomic particles of a substance. |
| | A) | Chemical |
| | B) | Electric |
| | C) | Electromagnetic |
| | D) | Heat |
| | E) | Mechanical |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
Ultraviolet light is an example of |
| | A) | chemical energy. |
| | B) | electric energy. |
| | C) | electromagnetic energy. |
| | D) | heat energy. |
| | E) | mechanical energy. |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
In which of these reactions is energy released? |
| | A) | hydrolysis of ATP to ADP |
| | B) | production of ATP from ADP |
| | C) | photosynthesis |
| | D) | production of glucose from CO2 and H2O |
| | E) | all of these |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
Osmolality |
| | A) | reflects the number of atoms in a solution. |
| | B) | of normal body fluid is about 300 osmoles. |
| | C) | influences the movement of water into and out of cells. |
| | D) | indicates the percent of solute by weight per volume of solution. |
| | E) | reflects the percent of solvent in a solution. |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
If the number of hydrogen ions in a solution is increased, the |
| | A) | solution becomes more acidic. |
| | B) | solution becomes more alkaline (basic). |
| | C) | pH of the solution will be increased. |
| | D) | solution is a buffer. |
| | E) | pH of the solution remains unchanged. |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) dissociates in solution to produce K+ and OH-; therefore it is classified as |
| | A) | an acid. |
| | B) | a base. |
| | C) | a buffer. |
| | D) | a neutral substance. |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Which of these is a monosaccharide? |
| | A) | sucrose |
| | B) | starch |
| | C) | glycogen |
| | D) | glucose |
| | E) | cellulose |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
Which of these molecules does NOT consist of glucose molecules joined together? |
| | A) | cellulose |
| | B) | glycogen |
| | C) | maltose |
| | D) | sucrose |
| | E) | starch |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
__________ constitute 95% of the fats in the human body. |
| | A) | Phospholipids |
| | B) | Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes |
| | C) | Steroids |
| | D) | Triglycerides |
| | E) | Vitamins |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
__________ are the building blocks for proteins. |
| | A) | Amino acids |
| | B) | Fatty acids and glycerol |
| | C) | Monosaccharides |
| | D) | Disaccharides |
| | E) | Nucleic acids |
|
|
|
| 38 | |
The __________ structure of a protein results from the folding of the helices or pleated sheets. |
| | A) | primary |
| | B) | penitentiary |
| | C) | quaternary |
| | D) | secondary |
| | E) | tertiary |
|
|
|
| 39 | |
Enzymes |
| | A) | are always composed of monosaccharides. |
| | B) | function by raising the activation energy required for a reaction. |
| | C) | can control many different reactions. |
| | D) | generally decrease the rate of chemical reactions. |
| | E) | sometimes require cofactors to be functional. |
|
|
|
| 40 | |
Which of these are NOT a part of nucleotide molecules? |
| | A) | ribose or deoxyribose |
| | B) | nitrogenous organic bases |
| | C) | phosphate groups |
| | D) | purines and pyrimidines |
| | E) | peptides |
|
|
.