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1 | |
The temperature of a gas is proportional to the |
| | A) | average velocity of the gas molecules. |
| | B) | internal potential energy of the gas. |
| | C) | number of gas molecules in a sample. |
| | D) | average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. |
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2 | |
The kinetic molecular theory explains the expansion of a solid material with increases of temperature as basically the result of |
| | A) | individual molecules expanding. |
| | B) | increased translational kinetic energy. |
| | C) | molecules moving a little farther apart. |
| | D) | heat taking up the spaces between molecules. |
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3 | |
Two degree intervals on the Celsius temperature scale are |
| | A) | equivalent to 3.6 Fahrenheit degree intervals. |
| | B) | equivalent to 35.6 Fahrenheit degree intervals. |
| | C) | twice as hot as 1 Celsius degree. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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4 | |
A temperature reading of 2°C is |
| | A) | equivalent to 3.6°F. |
| | B) | equivalent to 35.6°F. |
| | C) | twice as hot as 1°C. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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5 | |
The temperature known as room temperature is nearest to |
| | A) | 0°C. |
| | B) | 20°C. |
| | C) | 60°C. |
| | D) | 100°C. |
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6 | |
Using the absolute temperature scale, the freezing point of water is correctly written as |
| | A) | 0 K. |
| | B) | 0°K. |
| | C) | 273 K. |
| | D) | 273°K. |
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7 | |
The metric unit of heat called a calorie is |
| | A) | equivalent to 3.6 Fahrenheit degrees. |
| | B) | the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. |
| | C) | equivalent to a little over 8 joules of mechanical work. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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8 | |
Which of the following is a shorthand way of stating that "the temperature change of a substance is directly proportional to the quantity of heat added"? |
| | A) | Q ∝ m |
| | B) | m ∝ Tf – Ti |
| | C) | Q ∝ ΔT |
| | D) | Q = Tf – Ti |
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9 | |
The quantity known as specific heat is |
| | A) | any temperature reported on the more specific absolute temperature scale. |
| | B) | the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius. |
| | C) | any temperature of a 1 kg sample reported in degrees Celsius. |
| | D) | the heat needed to increase the temperature of any size sample by 1°C. |
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10 | |
Table 4.2 lists the specific heat of soil as 0.20 kcal/kgC° and the specific heat of water as 1.00 kcal/kgC°. This means that if 1 kg of soil and 1 kg of water each receive 1 kcal of energy, ideally, |
| | A) | the water will be warmer than the soil by 0.8°C. |
| | B) | the soil will be 5°C. |
| | C) | the water will be 5°C. |
| | D) | the water will warm by 1°C, and the soil will warm by 0.2°C. |
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11 | |
The heat transfer that takes place by energy moving directly from molecule to molecule is called |
| | A) | conduction. |
| | B) | convection. |
| | C) | radiation. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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12 | |
The heat transfer that does not require matter is |
| | A) | conduction. |
| | B) | convection. |
| | C) | radiation. |
| | D) | impossible, for matter is always required. |
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13 | |
Styrofoam is a good insulating material because |
| | A) | it is a plastic material that conducts heat poorly. |
| | B) | it contains many tiny pockets of air. |
| | C) | of the structure of the molecules making up the Styrofoam. |
| | D) | it is not very dense. |
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14 | |
The transfer of heat that takes place because of density difference in fluids is |
| | A) | conduction. |
| | B) | convection. |
| | C) | radiation. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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15 | |
When a solid, liquid, or a gas changes from one physical state to another, the change is called |
| | A) | melting. |
| | B) | entropy. |
| | C) | a phase change. |
| | D) | sublimation. |
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16 | |
Latent heat is "hidden" because it |
| | A) | goes into or comes out of internal potential energy. |
| | B) | is a fluid (caloric) that cannot be sensed. |
| | C) | does not actually exist. |
| | D) | is a form of internal kinetic energy. |
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17 | |
As a solid undergoes a phase change to a liquid state, it |
| | A) | releases heat while remaining at a constant temperature. |
| | B) | absorbs heat while remaining at a constant temperature. |
| | C) | releases heat as the temperature decreases. |
| | D) | absorbs heat as the temperature increases. |
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18 | |
The condensation of water vapor actually |
| | A) | warms the surroundings. |
| | B) | cools the surroundings. |
| | C) | sometimes warms and sometimes cools the surroundings, depending on the relative humidity at the time. |
| | D) | neither warms nor cools the surroundings. |
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19 | |
Water molecules move back and forth between the liquid and the gaseous state |
| | A) | only when the air is saturated. |
| | B) | at all times, with evaporation, condensation, and saturation defined by the net movement. |
| | C) | only when the outward movement of vapor molecules produces a pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure. |
| | D) | only at the boiling point. |
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20 | |
A heat engine is designed to |
| | A) | drive heat from a cool source to a warmer location. |
| | B) | drive heat from a warm source to a cooler location. |
| | C) | convert mechanical energy into heat. |
| | D) | convert heat into mechanical energy. |
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21 | |
The work that a heat engine is able to accomplish is ideally equivalent to the |
| | A) | difference between the heat supplied and the heat rejected. |
| | B) | heat that was produced in the cycle. |
| | C) | heat that appears in the exhaust gases. |
| | D) | sum total of the heat input and the heat output. |
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