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1 | |
In a transverse wave |
| | A) | particles move back and forth, forming a series of compressions and rarefactions. |
| | B) | particles do not move, they only vibrate. |
| | C) | particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave. |
| | D) | the solid portion of the medium moves perpendicular to the liquid portion. |
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2 | |
In a longitudinal wave |
| | A) | particles move back and forth, forming a series of compressions and rarefactions. |
| | B) | particles do not move, they only vibrate. |
| | C) | particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave. |
| | D) | the solid portion of the medium moves perpendicular to the liquid portion. |
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3 | |
Transverse mechanical waves |
| | A) | can only occur in solids. |
| | B) | can only occur in liquids. |
| | C) | can occur in both solids and liquids. |
| | D) | are always found in conjunction with longitudinal waves. |
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4 | |
Which of the following equations is incorrect? |
| | A) | ν = ƒ λ |
| | B) | ν = ƒ/λ |
| | C) | T = 1/ƒ |
| | D) | ƒ = ν/λ |
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5 | |
A hertz (hz) is |
| | A) | a unit of frequency defined as one cycle per second. |
| | B) | is a unit of energy carried by a wave. |
| | C) | a wavelength of one per unit of amplitude. |
| | D) | the basic measurement applied to electromagnetic waves compared to mechanical waves. |
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6 | |
Standing waves |
| | A) | occur when the amplitudes of two waves meet and cancel out. |
| | B) | are utilized by many musical instruments. |
| | C) | can only occur in liquid mediums. |
| | D) | are found only in longitudinal waves. |
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7 | |
The speed of wound waves |
| | A) | is faster through the air than liquids. |
| | B) | is faster in solids than liquids. |
| | C) | determines the type of sound, such as infrasound (very fast) or ultrasound (very slow). |
| | D) | is purposefully modulated in the technique of sonar detection. |
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8 | |
Which one of the following waves can travel through a vacuum? |
| | A) | sound waves |
| | B) | radio waves |
| | C) | mechanical waves |
| | D) | electromechanical waves |
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9 | |
A 70-dB (decibel) sound is how many times stronger than a 40-dB sound? |
| | A) | 30 times |
| | B) | 100 times |
| | C) | 1,000 times |
| | D) | one cannot determine this without knowing the amplitude of the waves |
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10 | |
An automobile sounding its horn is moving toward an observer. The frequency of the horn's sound relative to its normal frequency is |
| | A) | higher. |
| | B) | lower. |
| | C) | the same. |
| | D) | higher or lower depending upon the amplitude of the waves. |
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11 | |
The doppler effect refers to changes in wave |
| | A) | amplitude. |
| | B) | speed. |
| | C) | frequency. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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12 | |
In a musical stringed instrument, the tone produced by the vibrating string is the ____________ and shorter standing waves producing higher frequencies are ___________. |
| | A) | overtone, fundamental |
| | B) | refraction, diffraction |
| | C) | interference, resonance |
| | D) | fundamental, overtone |
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13 | |
Frequencies in ordinary human speech are mostly |
| | A) | under 200 Hz. |
| | B) | between about 0 and 1000 Hz. |
| | C) | above 1000 Hz. |
| | D) | varied widely among individuals that it is impossible to generalize. |
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14 | |
Prior to Maxwell it was known that a changing magnetic field |
| | A) | produces an electric current. |
| | B) | will annihilate electrons. |
| | C) | has no effect on electrons. |
| | D) | will propogate longitudinal waves in any solid medium. |
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15 | |
According to Maxwell's equations, the speed of electromagnetic waves in empty space |
| | A) | should be proportional to the surrounding gravitational field. |
| | B) | is equal to the speed of light. |
| | C) | is dependent on the frequency of the waves. |
| | D) | is rarely constant. |
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16 | |
The energy of an electromagnetic wave |
| | A) | is proportional to its frequency. |
| | B) | is proportional to its wavelength. |
| | C) | is proportional to its speed. |
| | D) | is constantly exchanged between its fluctuating electric and magnetic fields. |
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17 | |
A radio signal |
| | A) | can carry information in the variations of the strength of the waves, known as amplitude modulation. |
| | B) | can carry information in the variations of the strength of the waves known as frequency modulation. |
| | C) | can carry information in the variations of the strength of the frequency known as amplitude modulation. |
| | D) | can carry information in the variations of the frequency of the waves known as amplitude frequency modulation. |
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18 | |
Light of which color has the highest frequency? |
| | A) | red |
| | B) | orange |
| | C) | yellow |
| | D) | violet |
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19 | |
Relative to the Index of Refraction |
| | A) | a value of 1 represents the highest amount of light deflection as it enters the medium. |
| | B) | 3 is a typical value for water. |
| | C) | a higher value correlates with greater deflection of light rays entering the medium from air at an oblique angle. |
| | D) | it is defined as the ration of the speed of light in the medium to the speed of light in a vacuum. |
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20 | |
A converging lens |
| | A) | is thin in the middle and thick along the rim. |
| | B) | spreads out a parallel beam of light. |
| | C) | focuses a parallel beam of light at the point behind the lens known as the focal point. |
| | D) | is said to have a virtual focal point. |
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21 | |
In a human eye |
| | A) | the lens focuses light on the cornea. |
| | B) | the cornea is the portion of the eye that gives a person his or her eye color. |
| | C) | light hitting the retina is converted to nerve impulses carried by the optic nerve to the brain. |
| | D) | the colored iris is the opening of the pupil and is directly connected to the rods and cones of the ciliary muscles. |
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22 | |
Waves in a lake are observed to be 3 m in length and to pass an anchored boat 2 seconds apart. The speed of the waves is |
| | A) | 5 m/s. |
| | B) | 6 m/s. |
| | C) | 12 m/s. |
| | D) | impossible to find from the information given. |
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23 | |
A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose crests are 5 m apart and whose speed is 5 m/s. These waves reach the boat with a frequency of |
| | A) | 1 Hz. |
| | B) | 4 Hz. |
| | C) | 20 Hz. |
| | D) | 100 Hz. |
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24 | |
The colors of the rainbow, or of white light passed through a prism, from longest to shortest wavelength are |
| | A) | orange, green, blue, red, violet. |
| | B) | violet, red, blue, orange, yellow. |
| | C) | red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet. |
| | D) | the colors vary depending on the temperature. |
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25 | |
A telescope with a larger diameter lens |
| | A) | will suffer from increased light diffraction, but this is more than offset by the increased amount of light entering the lens. |
| | B) | will produce sharper images than a comparable telescope with a smaller diameter lens. |
| | C) | is most useful at relatively low magnifications due to its focal length. |
| | D) | may give slightly blurred images because it is so difficult to precisely grind a large lens. |
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