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1
External cardiac defibrillators are used for
A)high blood pressure
B)myocardial infarction
C)sudden cardiac arrest
D)high cholesterol
2
The visceral pericardium is also known as the
A)epicardium
B)myocardium
C)endocardium
D)fibrous pericardium
3
The uppermost or most superior part of the heart is the
A)septum
B)apex
C)base
D)great vessels
4
The thickest part of the wall of the heart is the
A)myocardium
B)epicardium
C)interventricular septum
D)endocardium
5
Purkinje fibers are located in the
A)epicardium
B)myocardium
C)endocardium
D)parietal pericardium
6
The tricuspid valve is located
A)between the left atrium and left ventricle
B)between the right atrium and right ventricle
C)between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
D)between the left ventricle and the aorta
7
The right atrium receives blood from the
A)inferior and superior vena cava
B)pulmonary veins
C)pulmonary artery
D)aorta
8
The valve between the chambers of the left side of the heart is the
A)semilunar valve
B)mitral (bicuspid valve)
C)aortic valve
D)tricuspid valve
9
Cardiac pain is due to
A)prolonged contraction of cardiac muscle
B)interruption of blood supply to cardiac muscle
C)damaged heart valves
D)inflammation of heart muscle and valves
10
Which of the following correctly describes the events of the cardiac cycle?
A)the right atrium and ventricle contract and relax , then the left atrium and ventricles contract and relax
B)contraction of the chambers of the left side of the heart, contraction of the chambers of the right, relaxation of the left, relaxation of the right
C)both atria contract and both ventricles relax; then both ventricles contract and both atria relax
D)both atria contract and both ventricles contract; then both atria contract and both atria relax
11
During a normal cardiac cycle
A)the ventricles receive 70% of the blood from the atria passively during ventricular diastole
B)as the ventricles fill, the pressure in them rises, the pressure in the atria falls until the pressure difference forces the AV valves to close
C)both
D)neither
12
The two major heart sounds are a result of
A)blood entering the atria in large volumes
B)opening and closing of heart valves
C)contraction of the myocardium
D)changes in the blood flow rate through the chambers of the heart
13
A mass of merged cells that function as a unit is called
A)smooth muscle
B)a functional syncytium
C)the sinoatrial node
D)the cardiac conduction system
14
The cells that initiate the stimulus for contraction of the heart muscle are located in the
A)sinoatrial node
B)atrioventricular node
C)Purkinje fibers
D)Bundle of His
15
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the conduction pathway of cardiac impulses?
A)SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, Bundle of His
B)AV node, SA node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
C)Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, AV node, SA node
D)SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
16
The P wave on an ECG represents
A)atrial depolarization
B)atrial contraction
C)atrial repolarization
D)impulse transmission at the AV node
17
A straight line on an ECG represents
A)repolarization
B)loss of a pacemaker
C)lack of electrical activity
D)impulse conduction
18
Ventricular repolarization is represented by the
A)PR interval
B)S wave
C)R wave
D)T wave
19
Concentrations of which of the following electrolytes have a direct effect on the myocardium?
A)calcium and potassium
B)potassium and bicarbonate
C)calcium and chloride
D)sodium and chloride
20
The middle layer of arterial walls is composed of
A)endothelial tissue
B)cardiac muscle
C)smooth muscle
D)fibrous connective tissue
21
The vessel that participates directly in the exchange of substances between body cells and the blood is the
A)arteriole
B)artery
C)capillary
D)venule
22
The amount of blood that flows into capillaries is regulated by
A)constriction and dilation of capillaries
B)arterioles
C)the amount of extracellular tissue
D)precapillary sphincters
23
Deposits of fatty materials on the inside of arterial walls are called
A)scars
B)plaques
C)lipomas
D)tumors
24
Plasma proteins help retain water in the blood by maintaining
A)osmotic pressure
B)hydrostatic pressure
C)a vacuum
D)all of the above
25
The middle layer of the walls of veins differs from arteries in that
A)it contains less connective tissue
B)it contains less smooth muscle
C)this layer is thicker in the vein
D)it contains some striated muscle
26
The maximum pressure in the artery, occurring during ventricular contraction is
A)diastolic pressure
B)systolic pressure
C)mean arterial pressure
D)pulse pressure
27
Blood is both heavier and more viscous than water.
A)True
B)False
28
The Frank Starling law is related to which of the following cardiac structures?
A)interventricular septum
B)conduction system
C)muscle fibers
D)heart valves
29
Tissues depend on an intact circulatory system to supply nutrients and oxygen and to remove accumulated wastes.
A)True
B)False
30
The pericardial cavity contains fluid that reduces the friction produced by the motion of the heart as it contracts.
A)True
B)False
31
The ventricles are the upper chambers of the heart; the atria are the lower chambers.
A)True
B)False
32
When the papillary muscles contract, they pull the leaves of the mitral and tricuspid valves down into the ventricles.
A)True
B)False
33
The wall of the right ventricle is thicker than that of the left ventricle.
A)True
B)False
34
The skeleton of the heart is composed of dense, fibrous, connective tissue, which provides places of attachment for heart valves and muscle fibers.
A)True
B)False
35
Blood is supplied to the myocardium by the coronary arteries, the first branches of the aorta.
A)True
B)False
36
Most of the blood from the atria enters the ventricles during atrial contraction.
A)True
B)False
37
The pressure increases during ventricular contraction, closing the AV valves when intraventricular pressure exceeds intraatrial pressure.
A)True
B)False
38
The AV node is the pacemaker of the heart under normal conditions
A)True
B)False
39
Atrial repolarization is not seen as a separate wave on the ECG.
A)True
B)False
40
Increasing temperature slows the heart rate.
A)True
B)False







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