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Chapter Quiz
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1
Sperm are able to increase their motility by lashing their tails because of the influence of
A)progesterone
B)prostaglandins in semen
C)high estrogen levels
D)all of the above
2
Fertilization takes place in the
A)vagina
B)cervix
C)uterus
D)uterine tube
3
Which of the following is thought to be the mechanism by which the sperm enters the egg?
A)An antigen-antibody reaction that briefly alters the cell membrane of the egg.
B)The structure of the cell membrane of the egg allows entry.
C)The head of the sperm has an enzyme that permits digestion through the membrane of the egg to permit a sperm to enter.
D)The mechanism is unknown.
4
The stage of development that follows formation of the zygote is the
A)embryonic stage
B)implantation stage
C)fetal stage
D)cleavage stage
5
The beginning of the embryonic stage is marked by the appearance of a
A)solid ball of new cells
B)hollow ball of cells
C)hollow ball of cells organized around an inner mass
D)worm-like structure
6
The hormone that maintains a corpus luteum following implantation is
A)LH
B)HCG
C)progesterone
D)FSH
7
Female infertility may be due to
A)hyposecretion of gonadotropic hormones
B)Endometriosis
C)scarring of the uterine tubes
D)all of the above
8
The layer of the embryonic disk that gives rise to hair, skin, and nails is
A)ectoderm
B)endoderm
C)mesoderm
D)both mesoderm and endoderm
9
Which of the following structures arise from the mesoderm?
A)muscle
B)lining of the mouth
C)lining of the respiratory tract
D)epidermis
10
At what time does the embryonic disk become a cylinder?
A)4 weeks of development
B)6 weeks of development
C)8 weeks of development
D)4 days of development
11
Which of the following transport mechanisms are used to transport materials to and from the developing fetus?
A)diffusion
B)active transport
C)pinocytosis
D)all of the above
12
The embryonic portion of the placenta is the
A)amnion
B)fetal membrane
C)allantois
D)chorion
13
The vessels in the umbilical cord are
A)1 artery and 1 vein
B)1 artery and 2 veins
C)2 arteries and 1 vein
D)2 arteries and 2 veins
14
In the embryo, blood cells are primarily formed in the
A)amnion
B)placenta
C)allantois
D)yolk sac
15
The systems that mature last during the fetal stage of development are the
A)skeletal system and muscular system
B)digestive system and respiratory system
C)circulatory system and renal system
D)nervous system and muscular system
16
The ductus venosus shunts blood around the
A)liver
B)spleen
C)pancreas
D)small intestine
17
Bleeding following expulsion of the afterbirth is controlled by
A)hormonal mechanisms
B)increased fibrinogen levels
C)contraction of uterine muscles
D)sympathetic stimulation of arterioles
18
The substance secreted by the breast immediately following delivery is
A)witches milk
B)Colostrum
C)true milk
D)false milk
19
Milk ejection from the breast is initially stimulated by
A)filling of the duct structure with milk
B)hormonal stimulation
C)mechanical stimulation of the nipple such as sucking
D)gonadotropins
20
The primary energy source for the newborn is
A)glucose
B)glycogen
C)fatty acids
D)protein
21
Which of the following fetal structures closes as a result of a change in pressure?
A)ductus venosus
B)ductus arteriosus
C)umbilical vessels
D)foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
22
Genes come in
A)singles
B)pairs
C)triplets
D)quadruplets
23
The combination of alleles for a trait make up the
A)homozygous
B)heterozygous
C)genotype
D)phenotype
24
The "normal" or most common allele for a gene is called the
A)wild type
B)dominant
C)recessive
D)mutant
25
Which of the following is used to depict the possible outcome of mating?
A)pedigree
B)Punnett square
C)karyotype
D)mode of inheritance
26
Sperm cells reach the upper portions of the uterine tube within an hour after ejaculation.
A)True
B)False
27
The first part of the egg cell's surface that the sperm encounters is the zona pellucida.
A)True
B)False
28
The product of conception is called a fetus eight weeks after conception.
A)True
B)False
29
If two egg cells are released and fertilized, identical twins result.
A)True
B)False
30
The corpus luteum secretes both estrogen and progesterone.
A)True
B)False
31
Placental progesterone and the polypeptide relaxin from the corpus luteum suppress uterine contractions until the birth process begins.
A)True
B)False
32
Fetal organs are not present until the end of the tenth week of development.
A)True
B)False
33
The developing organism has a recognizably human form by the beginning of the fetal stage of development.
A)True
B)False
34
Neonates younger than 24 weeks of gestation and weighing less than 600 grams have almost no chance of survival.
A)True
B)False
35
Blood from fetal circulation and maternal circulation mix directly.
A)True
B)False
36
Fetal blood has more circulation pathways than the child has.
A)True
B)False
37
The urine of a newborn is more concentrated than that of a child or an adult.
A)True
B)False
38
The appearance or condition associated with having a gene is called the phenotype.
A)True
B)False
39
An X-linked trait is more likely to occur in a female phenotype because she has two chances of having the proper allele.
A)True
B)False
40
Only males can have Y-linked traits.
A)True
B)False
41
Most traits are polygenic, meaning more than one gene influences the phenotype.
A)True
B)False
42
Multifactorial means the same thing as polygenic.
A)True
B)False







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