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Chapter Objectives
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After reading this chapter you should be able to:
  • discuss the structural and compositional differences between DNA and RNA
  • discuss the association of proteins with DNA and describe the differences in the types of proteins associated with procaryotic and eucaryotic DNA
  • discuss the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, and discuss the relationship between the nucleotide sequences of DNA and RNA and the amino acid sequences of proteins
  • describe the replication of DNA and the processes used to minimize errors and correct those errors which do occur
  • discuss the nature of the genetic code
  • define a gene and discuss controlling elements, such as promoters and operators
  • discuss the four parts (promoter, leader, coding region, trailer) of a bacterial gene
  • discuss the nature and causes of mutations
  • discuss the various genetic repair mechanisms and their limitations





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