Choose the best answer

1			Specific immunity can be acquired either naturally or artificially and involves
			A)	antigens.
			B)	antibodies.
			C)	the classical complement pathway.
			D)	All of the above.
			E)	None of the above.
2			An anamnestic response involves a/an
			A)	intense response.
			B)	effector response.
			C)	high intensity.
			D)	rapid memory.
			E)	All of the above.
3			Which DOES NOT provide long term immunity?
			A)	Naturally acquired active immunity
			B)	Artificially acquired active immunity
			C)	Artificially acquired passive immunity
			D)	All of the above
			E)	None of the above
4			An epitope is
			A)	the antigen determinant site.
			B)	a T-cell.
			C)	a B-cell.
			D)	an antibody.
			E)	a hapten.
5			Cell-associated differentiation antigens (CDs) are functional cell surface proteins or receptors that can be measured in situ.
			A)	In normal individuals the concentration of these molecules in serum is always low.
			B)	Detecting these soluble molecules may help in the management of disease.
			C)	Thousands of CDs have been characterized.
			D)	All of the above are true.
			E)	None of the above are true.
6			An immunoglobulin is a
			A)	protein.
			B)	carbohydrate.
			C)	glycoprotein.
			D)	fatty acid.
			E)	nucleic acid.
7			Isotypes refer to variations in the
			A)	light chain variable region.
			B)	light chain constant region.
			C)	heavy chain variable region.
			D)	heavy chain constant region.
			E)	Any of the above.
8			The Fc region mediates all of the below EXCEPT binding to
			A)	host tissue.
			B)	various cells of the immune system.
			C)	some phagocytic cells.
			D)	lysosomes.
			E)	antigen.
9			Which of the following is the major immunoglobulin in human serum, accounting for 80% of the immunoglobulin pool?
			A)	IgA
			B)	IgD
			C)	IgE
			D)	IgG
			E)	IgM
10			Which immunoglobulin is the least prevalent?
			A)	IgA
			B)	IgD
			C)	IgE
			D)	IgG
			E)	IgM
11			The first tenet of clonal selection theory relies SPECIFICALLY on
			A)	combinatorial joinings.
			B)	somatic mutations.
			C)	variations in the splicing process.
			D)	B-cell clones.
			E)	T-cell clones.
12			Which of the following is useful to STIMULATE antibody production?
			A)	An adjuvant
			B)	A hapten
			C)	Antiserum
			D)	Purified antigen
			E)	Crude antigen
13			Compared to the secondary antibody response, the primary response
			A)	has a longer lag phase.
			B)	has a more rapid log phase.
			C)	persists for a longer plateau period.
			D)	attains a higher IgG titer.
			E)	produces antibodies with a higher affinity for the antigen.
14			Monoclonal antibodies are produced by
			A)	lymphocytes.
			B)	myeloma cells.
			C)	hybridomas.
			D)	spleen cells.
			E)	plasma cells.
15			Monoclonal antibodies are routinely used in all of the following EXCEPT
			A)	the typing of tissue.
			B)	the identification and epidemiological study of infectious microorganisms.
			C)	the identification of tumor antigens.
			D)	the classification of leukemias.
			E)	the manipulation of the immune response.
16			Which of the following DOES NOT play a role in antigen presentation?
			A)	MHC class I molecules
			B)	MHC class II molecules
			C)	MHC class III molecules
			D)	All of the above
			E)	None of the above
17			Which of the following is used for typing when a patient is being prepared for an organ transplant?
			A)	MHC class I molecules
			B)	MHC class II molecules
			C)	MHC class III molecules
			D)	All of the above
			E)	None of the above
18			Which of the following is responsible for opening the calcium ion channel during T-helper cell stimulation?
			A)	CD 28
			B)	CD80
			C)	Tyrosine kinase
			D)	Inositol trisphosphate
			E)	Protein kinase C
19			B-cells do which of the following?
			A)	Proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells
			B)	Respond to antigens by making antibodies
			C)	Act as antigen-processing cells
			D)	All of the above
			E)	None of the above
20			Which of the following is NOT a T-dependent antigen?
			A)	Viruses
			B)	Bacteria
			C)	Foreign red blood cells
			D)	Certain proteins
			E)	Hapten-carrier combinations
21			Opsonization refers to
			A)	parasitic lysosomal degranulation.
			B)	aglutination of red blood cells.
			C)	coating of microorganisms or other particles by antibody and/or complement.
			D)	adherence to mucosal epithelial cells.
			E)	antibody mediated viral inactivation.
22			Which type of antibody is MOST effective in activating complement?
			A)	IgE
			B)	IgG1
			C)	IgG2
			D)	IgG3
			E)	IgM