Chapter 17: Substance-Related Disorders
After reading and studying this chapter, you should be able to: - Discuss the prevalence, patterns, and trends of substance use over the past several decades, and how the rates of substance use vary by culture, gender, and age.
- Distinguish among and define substance intoxication, withdrawal, abuse, and dependence, and the factors associated with different manifestations of intoxication, withdrawal, and dependence.
- Describe the intoxication and withdrawal effects (when such effects exist) of alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, inhalants, cocaine, amphetamines, opioids, hallucinogens, PCP, cannabis, and nicotine.
- Discuss the negative effects of the substances described in this chapter on physical and mental health.
- Describe the stages of alcohol withdrawal.
- Discuss the typical patterns of alcohol, benzodiazepine, barbiturate, and cocaine use that lead to dependence on these substances.
- Define and describe Wernicke’s encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s psychosis, alcohol-induced dementia, and fetal alcohol syndrome.
- Discuss the effects of a pregnant woman’s use of alcohol, cocaine, and nicotine on her developing fetus and newborn child.
- Distinguish between the disease model of alcoholism and controlled drinking perspective.
- Summarize the contributions of the mesolimbic dopamine system and opponent processes to substance use behavior.
- Discuss the role of genetics in alcoholism and describe what might be inherited in the children of alcoholics.
- Summarize the arguments and evidence for and against the idea that alcoholism is a form of depression.
- Discuss the appropriate uses of methadone, naltrexone, naloxone, disulfiram, and antidepressants to treat people with particular substance-related disorders.
- Describe Alcoholics Anonymous and its treatment philosophy.
- Discuss the behavioral treatments for alcoholism: aversive classical conditioning, covert sensitization therapy, and cue exposure and response prevention.
- Describe the elements of behavioral and cognitive therapies for alcoholism, and the elements of relapse prevention programs.
- Discuss why different treatment approaches may be indicated for men and women.
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