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1 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the strengths of systems theory? |
| | A) | its dynamism |
| | B) | its focus on processes |
| | C) | its multileveled approach |
| | D) | its complexity |
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2 | |
The term "morphostasis" refers to which of the following? |
| | A) | processes that contribute to change in a system |
| | B) | processes that contribute to the maintenance of the system |
| | C) | processes that contribute to disequilibrium in the system |
| | D) | processes that contribute to the destruction of the system |
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3 | |
Negentropy refers to the tendency of systems to: |
| | A) | elaborate structures. |
| | B) | elaborate environments. |
| | C) | develop morphostatic patterns of hyper-entropy. |
| | D) | rationalize an agentic geometry. |
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4 | |
A general principle of systems theory holds that ________ systems intervene between environments and the action of systems. |
| | A) | morphic |
| | B) | Delphic |
| | C) | mediating |
| | D) | purposive |
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5 | |
The notion of feedback enables theorists to deal with: |
| | A) | loud noises. |
| | B) | time-space elaboration. |
| | C) | friction, growth, and sudden changes in the environment. |
| | D) | magnetic hysterisis. |
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6 | |
According to Niklas Luhmann, the system is always: |
| | A) | more complex than its environment. |
| | B) | more phenomenological than its environment. |
| | C) | less phenomenological than its environment. |
| | D) | less complex than its environment. |
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7 | |
In Luhmann's general system theory, simplifying complexity means: |
| | A) | being forced into entropy. |
| | B) | time-space diffusion. |
| | C) | being forced to select among different courses of action and thus contingency. |
| | D) | aesthetic disharmony. |
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8 | |
According to Luhmann, autopoietic systems are: |
| | A) | self-referential. |
| | B) | self-sacrificing. |
| | C) | open systems. |
| | D) | morphotropic systems. |
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9 | |
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autopoietic systems? |
| | A) | They are self-referential. |
| | B) | They are closed systems. |
| | C) | They are self-organizing. |
| | D) | They are open systems. |
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10 | |
Luhmann argues that society is: |
| | A) | being and time. |
| | B) | an autopoietic system. |
| | C) | an automorphic system. |
| | D) | the survival of the fittest. |
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11 | |
According to Luhmann, whatever is NOT communication is part of: |
| | A) | society. |
| | B) | society's environment. |
| | C) | environment's society. |
| | D) | society's differentiation. |
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12 | |
In Luhmann's system theory, the psychic system and society both rely on: |
| | A) | meaning. |
| | B) | bureaucracy. |
| | C) | negentropy. |
| | D) | inning-based syntax. |
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13 | |
According to Luhmann, social structures emerge in order to: |
| | A) | solve the problem of double contingency. |
| | B) | defy evolution and differentiation. |
| | C) | solve the problem of double bivalence. |
| | D) | de-differentiate by interpenetration. |
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14 | |
In Luhmann's system theory, differentiation is a way that systems deal with: |
| | A) | temporal dislocations of crystallized habitus. |
| | B) | spatial disruptions of equatorial factors. |
| | C) | the positivist stage. |
| | D) | changes in the environment. |
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15 | |
Luhmann argued that evolution is a process of selection from: |
| | A) | status. |
| | B) | stratification. |
| | C) | variation. |
| | D) | the juggernaut of modernity. |
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16 | |
Segmentary differentiation refers to which of the following? |
| | A) | dividing parts of a system to duplicate identical functions |
| | B) | vertical differentiation according to status or rank in a hierarchy |
| | C) | entropic misrecognition of vertical habitus |
| | D) | differentiation in which different functions are assigned to different units of a system. |
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17 | |
_______________ differentiation is vertical differentiation based on rank or status in a hierarchy. |
| | A) | Segmentary |
| | B) | Center-periphery |
| | C) | Core-periphery |
| | D) | Stratificatory |
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18 | |
Segmentation, stratification, center-periphery, and functional differentiation are all examples of: |
| | A) | stratificatory anaphylaxis. |
| | B) | internal differentiation. |
| | C) | external differentation. |
| | D) | vertical integration. |
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19 | |
In Luhmann's theory, a code limits: |
| | A) | structural spatiality. |
| | B) | domination. |
| | C) | permissible communication. |
| | D) | cultural capital. |
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20 | |
In Luhmann's view, the key to sociological knowledge is: |
| | A) | the observation of the semantics of society. |
| | B) | the observation of the syntactics of society. |
| | C) | the subversion of social systems. |
| | D) | statistics. |
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21 | |
Entropy is the tendency of systems to elaborate structures. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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22 | |
Morphogensis refers to processes which help systems to maintain themselves. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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23 | |
Niklas Luhmann argues that the system is always less complex than its environment. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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24 | |
Autopoietic systems produce the basic elements of the system. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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25 | |
According to Luhmann, autopoietic systems are self-referential. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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26 | |
According to Luhmann, evolution is a set of processes that includes variation, selection, and the stabilization of reproducible characteristics. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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27 | |
Differentiation decreases the complexity of a system. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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28 | |
Stratificatory differentiation is vertical differentiation according to rank or status in a hierarchy. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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29 | |
Luhmann's four forms of internal differentiation are segmentation, stratification, center-periphery, and functional. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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30 | |
An important part of Luhmann's systems theory is his theory of de-differentiation. |
| | A) | true |
| | B) | false |
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2004 McGraw-Hill Higher Education