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1 | |
You have been hired by a research agency to explore potential causes of Sudden Death Infant Syndrome (SIDS). According to current theories, which of the following exemplifies an area of research you would most likely examine? |
| | A) | prenatal care |
| | B) | reflexes |
| | C) | brain development |
| | D) | parental smoking |
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2 | |
New parents observe that their baby girl's face is contorted, and she is making strong and intense vocalizations while moving about vigorously. According to Wolff, the infant is in which state? |
| | A) | irregular sleep |
| | B) | alert inactivity |
| | C) | waking activity |
| | D) | crying |
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3 | |
Your friend Nakia is concerned because her baby cries frequently and makes her edgy. Nakia is concerned that she has "taught" her baby to cry. According to research, |
| | A) | crying is a learned response |
| | B) | crying is an unlearned response |
| | C) | crying is a temperament problem |
| | D) | crying is a comfort mechanism |
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4 | |
Of the following techniques, which most clearly distinguishes American and Dutch parents in regard to their philosophies about how to foster an infant's mental and social growth? |
| | A) | continuous stimulation vs. establishing a soothing routine |
| | B) | breast feeding vs. bottle feeding |
| | C) | visual stimulation vs. auditory stimulation |
| | D) | immediate gratification vs. delayed gratification |
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5 | |
You see an infant in a hospital that is premature and cries shrilly each time a nurse handles him. You might suspect: |
| | A) | he is an HIV baby |
| | B) | he is a crack baby |
| | C) | the baby has fetal alcohol syndrome |
| | D) | he is a normal, healthy baby |
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6 | |
Select the group of terms that can be most logically placed in the same category. |
| | A) | self-demand feeding, longer feeding intervals, vitamin D |
| | B) | breast feeding, emotional and psychological rewards, antibody production |
| | C) | schedule feeding, bottle feeding, fluoride supplements |
| | D) | breast feeding, malnutrition, intimate contact |
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7 | |
Monique decides that her infant should be breast-fed rather than bottle-fed. She wants to know how common breast feeding is today. You can tell her |
| | A) | more women breast feed now than in 1900 |
| | B) | more women breast feed now than in 1956 |
| | C) | fewer women breast feed now than in 1946 |
| | D) | fewer women breast feed now than in 1956 |
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8 | |
A nursing mother tries to get her child to suck on the breast by pushing the child's head toward the breast. The child attempts to suck the mother's hand, thus indicating |
| | A) | the orienting reflex |
| | B) | dishabituation |
| | C) | the rooting reflex |
| | D) | breast sensitization |
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9 | |
A baby has just received APGAR scores of 7 and 9. You can tell the parents that they should be |
| | A) | relieved as this is within the normal range |
| | B) | worried as this is below a perfect score |
| | C) | unconcerned since you don't think this is a valid test |
| | D) | concerned as the score has increased two points between readings |
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10 | |
Your child appears very healthy, but he is much smaller than most children his age. The best advice might be to have your child's |
| | A) | target-seeking rate monitored |
| | B) | pituitary gland and hypothalamus checked |
| | C) | testosterone levels checked |
| | D) | doctor prescribe large doses of growth hormone to stimulate growth |
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11 | |
Jasmine reports to her pediatrician that her son, Jeremiah, has grown almost an inch in the last 48 hours. Which of the following would most likely characterize Jeremiah's behavior in the days just prior to the growth spurt? |
| | A) | very passive and withdrawn |
| | B) | calm and placid |
| | C) | fussy and agitated |
| | D) | alert and curious |
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12 | |
Lauren was able to read a first grade book when she was 2 years old. According to what we know about the development of the brain, which area of Lauren's brain is responsible for producing such giftedness? |
| | A) | the subcortical level |
| | B) | the temporal lobe |
| | C) | the cerebral cortex |
| | D) | the corpus callosum |
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13 | |
Your 2-year-old child has recently undergone PET (positron emission tomography) scanning, which maps the brain's metabolic activity. The results will probably indicate |
| | A) | the metabolic rate of your 2-year-old's brain approximates that of an adult's because of rapid increase in cerebral cortex activity. |
| | B) | the metabolic rate of your 2-year-old's brain is about two-thirds that of an adult's brain |
| | C) | the metabolic rate of your child's brain will never exceed that of an adult's brain |
| | D) | the metabolic rate of your 2-year-old's brain approximates that of an adult's because of gradual increases in activity of the subcortical level of the brain |
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14 | |
Sarah's parents kept a log of the various milestones she achieved in her motor development. They noted that Sarah learned to hold her head up before she acquired the ability to sit, and she learned to sit prior to learning how to walk. Sarah has expressed the |
| | A) | proximodistal principle |
| | B) | cephalocaudal principle |
| | C) | stepping reflex |
| | D) | phenomenon of hitching |
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15 | |
When watching your 3-year-old son draw, you notice that he can coordinate the movements of his forearms, but his wrist is less coordinated. Your son is demonstrating the |
| | A) | cephalocaudal principle |
| | B) | effects of handedness |
| | C) | proximodistal principle |
| | D) | rhythmical behavior principle |
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16 | |
Rhythmical behavior is to ________ as palm grasp is to ________. |
| | A) | uncoordinated activity; voluntary motor control |
| | B) | locomotion; self-stimulation |
| | C) | locomotion; manual dexterity |
| | D) | crawling; forefinger grasp |
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17 | |
You are designing a clown costume for Halloween. If you want to maximize an infant's visual attention, you should |
| | A) | use very dim pastel colors in the clown's mask |
| | B) | paint two dark blue spots on the cheeks of the clown mask |
| | C) | paint two straight lines on each cheek of the clown mask |
| | D) | paint one brightly colored bull's-eye in the middle of the clown's mask |
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18 | |
The results of a scientist's experiment revealed that the subjects perceived the target as a door even though its shape became a trapezoid as the door opened. This scientist has just recorded data to support which phenomenon? |
| | A) | size constancy |
| | B) | object constancy |
| | C) | shape constancy |
| | D) | color constancy |
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19 | |
An 8-month-old infant creeps over to the top of the staircase. If the infant avoids creeping over the edge of the top step, |
| | A) | she demonstrates visual constancy |
| | B) | binocular vision has not yet occurred |
| | C) | tactile information has been relied on more than visual information |
| | D) | this is the visual cliff effect |
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20 | |
A researcher conducting a corneal photography experiment with a group of various-aged babies observed that one of the babies focused on a very small portion of a figure. The researcher was most likely studying the eye of an infant in which age group? |
| | A) | newborn |
| | B) | 2 to 4 months |
| | C) | 4 to 5 months |
| | D) | over 5 months |
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21 | |
A 4-month-old baby is shown two photographs, one of his mother's face and one of a stranger's face. We can reasonably infer that |
| | A) | the infant cannot yet discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar faces |
| | B) | the infant can distinguish his mother from somebody else |
| | C) | the baby will inspect only the external features of the faces, such as the chin and ears |
| | D) | the baby will not concentrate on the pictures because of his lack of visual preference for the human face |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education