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Level 1 Quiz
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1

The largest high-to-low range of the tide would occur during a spring tide.
A)True
B)False
2

Some snails use a light-colored operculum to reflect sunlight in hot intertidal habitats.
A)True
B)False
3

Deposit feeders are very common in rocky intertidal areas due to the high amount of detritus trapped in the rocks.
A)True
B)False
4

Intertidal algae tend to be rigid in order to withstand wave shock.
A)True
B)False
5

Rocky headlands tend to refract waves such that they bend toward the headland itself.
A)True
B)False
6

Intertidal barnacles anchor themselves to the rock using a foot-like tissue with powerful suction.
A)True
B)False
7

Most rocky intertidal species disperse via larvae.
A)True
B)False
8

Nutrients from seawater are generally the key limiting resource in the rocky intertidal zone.
A)True
B)False
9

Few marine predators can reach the upper intertidal zone, so limpets and snails are relatively free from predation.
A)True
B)False
10

Caging experiments have shown that mussels are superior to algae as competitors for space, and algae may only "win" the competition if there is high predation of the mussels.
A)True
B)False
11

Periwinkles (Littorina) often dominate the upper rocky intertidal because they can breathe air and tolerate extreme temperatures.
A)True
B)False
12

Little gray barnacles tend to grow in a band above rock barnacles in the rocky intertidal because their larvae settle above those of the latter.
A)True
B)False
13

Rockweeds such as Fucus form dark green mats or tar-like blotches in the upper intertidal.
A)True
B)False
14

In the middle rocky intertidal, disturbances such as wave action always reduce the diversity by removing species.
A)True
B)False
15

If limpets graze on newly settled larvae and spores, succession may never pass the bacteria and algal film stage.
A)True
B)False
16

The lower rocky intertidal zone is dominated by lichens and cyanobacteria.
A)True
B)False
17

Large animals of soft-bottom communities are dominated by epifauna.
A)True
B)False
18

Seaweeds grow well in some soft-bottom communities because their holdfasts grip the sediment well.
A)True
B)False
19

Calm, sheltered areas tend to have muddy bottoms, while sedimented areas with higher currents and waves tend to be more sandy.
A)True
B)False
20

The presence of hydrogen sulfide in marine sediments indicates the presence of anaerobic bacteria and low oxygen.
A)True
B)False
21

Burrowing clams use their feet to rock their shells back and forth to dig a hole.
A)True
B)False
22

The term meiofauna refers to microscopic animals that live in interstitial spaces.
A)True
B)False
23

Many marine animals in soft-bottom communities specialize as herbivores on the abundant mats of diatoms that often grow there.
A)True
B)False
24

Upper zones of sandy beaches are dominated by crustaceans that eat smaller animals, detritus, and other dead matter.
A)True
B)False
25

In North America, rocky shore habitats are found dominating which of the following?
A)on the southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts due to rebound following the last ice age
B)on the Atlantic coast north of Cape Cod due to tectonic uplift of the continent
C)on the west (Pacific) coast due to tectonic uplift of the continent
D)on the Gulf coast due to subsiding from heavy loads of sediments
26

Rocky intertidal species exposed to air cope with potential dessication by all of these means except which one?
A)avoiding the hot sun by moving or growing in damp crevices
B)sealing up shells and over coverings to prevent water loss
C)having a tolerance for losing up to 90% of the body water
D)having brown shells





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