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1 | |
Seafood is very important to people because |
| | A) | it can be cooked easily. |
| | B) | it is rich in protein. |
| | C) | it represents over 25% of all the food we eat. |
| | D) | it represents a resource that shows no sign of being overexploited. |
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2 | |
The highest catches of finfish are for |
| | A) | herring, sardines, and related fishes. |
| | B) | tuna. |
| | C) | salmon. |
| | D) | cods. |
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3 | |
If one looks at the world commercial catches of seafood, the total amounts |
| | A) | have fluctuated widely between years. |
| | B) | peaked in 1990 and then declined. |
| | C) | are still increasing. |
| | D) | are about one-half of what they were in 1975. |
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4 | |
Clupeid fishes are used to produce all of these products except |
| | A) | fish flour. |
| | B) | protein supplements for livestock feeds. |
| | C) | gourmet food. |
| | D) | fertilizer. |
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5 | |
The commercial cod fishery |
| | A) | has collapsed just about everywhere. |
| | B) | continues in the seas off Norway. |
| | C) | has been reopened at Georges Bank. |
| | D) | may be reopened off the U.S.A., thanks to good survival of juvenile cod. |
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6 | |
Longlines are used to catch |
| | A) | sardines. |
| | B) | salmon. |
| | C) | crabs. |
| | D) | tunas. |
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7 | |
In a very large population of fish, |
| | A) | the population growth rate is at its maximum. |
| | B) | the population growth rate has no natural means to keep it in check. |
| | C) | competition can slow the growth rate. |
| | D) | small harvests have no effect on the population. |
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8 | |
Even if fishing is stopped on an overexploited species, it may not recover its population levels because of all of these factors but which one? |
| | A) | irregular natural cycles |
| | B) | competition from other species |
| | C) | predation on young |
| | D) | ability to speed up its growth rate. |
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9 | |
If only the largest fish in a population are caught, the population may decline because |
| | A) | these are the most competitive fish. |
| | B) | these produce more eggs than small ones. |
| | C) | smaller fish eat more food than big ones. |
| | D) | smaller fish will escape from nets and never return to the area where they were caught. |
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10 | |
Fisheries in the EEZ of the U.S.A. are managed by |
| | A) | banning fishing vessels of all foreign nations. |
| | B) | setting limits on mesh sizes of nets. |
| | C) | strictly following free-market forces. |
| | D) | maintaining an open fishery. |
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11 | |
Overexploitation of cod in the North Atlantic has led to new fisheries for mackerel, which are eaten by cod. This is an example of |
| | A) | use of by-catch. |
| | B) | fishing lower on the trophic pyramid. |
| | C) | a small-scale local fishery. |
| | D) | ecological replacement. |
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12 | |
Open mariculture is used to grow |
| | A) | animals under domestic conditions. |
| | B) | fishes that can be bred and raised through their planktonic life cycle stages. |
| | C) | oysters and seaweeds. |
| | D) | sterile animals. |
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13 | |
Mariculture today is mostly used to grow luxury foods instead of cheap fish for the world's poor. This is because |
| | A) | fish suitable for mariculture do not live near poor countries. |
| | B) | it is only in the past 100 years that anyone has tried to raise marine organisms in ponds. |
| | C) | no one has considered using biotechnology to improve yields from mariculture. |
| | D) | it requires expensive machinery and trained personnel. |
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14 | |
Recreational fisheries can damage fish stocks because they |
| | A) | waste fish. |
| | B) | take almost as many fishes as commercial fisheries. |
| | C) | target and deplete large predatory fishes. |
| | D) | tend to stay near shore. |
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15 | |
A potential biomedical product that has turned out to be ineffective is |
| | A) | an extract of seaweeds, used to inhibit growth of tumors. |
| | B) | an adhesive from bacteria, used to seal wounds. |
| | C) | a toxin from puffers, used as a painkiller. |
| | D) | shark cartilage, used to halt development of cancer. |
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16 | |
Desalination currently is being used in a few countries such as Saudi Arabia. What prevents it from being used to produce drinking water in arid parts of the U.S.A.? |
| | A) | The technology still is being developed. |
| | B) | Seawater must be pumped from great depths. |
| | C) | Reverse osmosis cannot be used in small-scale projects. |
| | D) | It's expensive. |
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17 | |
Navigation buoys can be powered by |
| | A) | thermal gradients. |
| | B) | wave energy. |
| | C) | tidal energy. |
| | D) | methane. |
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18 | |
Offshore oil production involves all of these facilities but which one? |
| | A) | platforms |
| | B) | pipelines |
| | C) | drilling ships |
| | D) | dredges |
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