Multiple Choice


1	According to the textbook, there are 48 Gutenberg Bibles in existence today. Who was Gutenberg?
		A)	A skilled illustrator and artist
		B)	The inventor of the printing press
		C)	An Italian political leader
		D)	A Renaissance Bishop


2	Galileo was commissioned to investigate _______________’s claim to have invented the ______________.
		A)	Newton; prism
		B)	Lippershey; telescope
		C)	Gutenberg; printing press
		D)	Columbus; sextant


3	Who published a hypothetical debate titled Dialogue on the Two Greatest Systems of the World, the Ptolemaic and the Copernican?
		A)	Newton
		B)	Descartes
		C)	Bruno
		D)	Galileo


4	Who was accused of “unweaving a rainbow” for his discovery of colors within white light?
		A)	Newton
		B)	Descartes
		C)	Galileo
		D)	Harvey


5	The most memorable achievement of William Harvey his discovery of
		A)	The Gravity-driven Clock
		B)	The Heart’s Function as a Pump
		C)	The Refractory Telescope
		D)	Calculus


6	What led Descartes to the conclusion that he thinks and therefore he exists?
		A)	Contemplation of the meaning of life
		B)	A debate on the freedom of religion
		C)	This was a logical outcome of analytical geometry
		D)	He systematically doubted all things


7	Descartes: Cogito ergo sum as ______________ : Esse est percipi
		A)	Newton
		B)	Leibniz
		C)	Berkeley
		D)	Locke


8	What did Descartes believe about ideas in the mind?
		A)	All knowledge is within us, and can be drawn out through questioning
		B)	The mind possesses both innate and derived ideas
		C)	People are born tabula rasa, without any knowledge
		D)	All knowledge comes from secondary qualities of objects


9	Which of the following ideas did Descartes suggest is innate in humans?
		A)	knowledge of language
		B)	primary ideas
		C)	ideas of self and God
		D)	None of the Above. Descartes did not believe in innate ideas.


10	Descartes viewed the human body as:
		A)	designed by God
		B)	different from animal bodies in that it can be controlled by the mind
		C)	similar to a hydraulic machine
		D)	All of the Above


11	What was Descartes’ opinion on animal dissection?
		A)	It was unacceptable for religious reasons
		B)	It was unacceptable for compassionate reasons
		C)	It was acceptable because animals lack self-awareness
		D)	It was a necessary evil in order for science to advance


12	Which position is most consistent with that of Julien de La Mettrie?
		A)	Humans are nothing more than complex machines
		B)	The human mind is not the same as the brain
		C)	Humans possess a mind that other animals lack
		D)	Although some animals have a mind, only humans have a soul


13	What is Leviathan?
		A)	A book written by Hobbes that advocates the monarchy of a God-chosen king
		B)	The first journal devoted to the issues of psychology
		C)	The text in which Copernicus presents his theory of gravity
		D)	A term used to describe the first half of the Middle Ages


14	What psychotherapeutic technique was described by John Locke?
		A)	Free Association
		B)	Desensitization of phobias
		C)	Dream analysis
		D)	Empathic understanding


15	Who suggested that the “mighty frame” of the world would not exist without a mind to perceive it?
		A)	Hobbes
		B)	Molyneux
		C)	Locke
		D)	Berkeley


16	Which statement about Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz is accurate?
		A)	He was an empiricist and follower of Locke
		B)	He expanded the ideas of Kant
		C)	He believed that things only exist if they are perceived
		D)	He believed the mind and body operate independently but in parallel


17	Hume’s associationism distinguishes between
		A)	thoughts and behaviors
		B)	sensations and perceptions
		C)	impressions and ideas
		D)	body monads and mind monads


18	James Mill’s theory of association of ideas can be described as mental ____________, while John Stuart’s can be described as mental ___________.
		A)	chemistry; mechanics
		B)	mechanics; chemistry
		C)	magic; illusion
		D)	combination; separation


19	The philosophy that actions are wrong based on how much unhappiness they cause for others is called __________ and was proposed by ___________.
		A)	Utilitarianism; John Stuart Mill
		B)	Utilitarianism; James Mill
		C)	Hedonism; Bentham
		D)	Pragmatism; James


20	The first journal devoted to psychological topics was ___________, which was founded by _________.
		A)	Mental Matters; John Stuart Mill
		B)	Psychologica; Kant
		C)	Journal of Experimental Psychology; Hume
		D)	Mind; Bain


21	Which of the following groups of philosophers shared a belief in nativism?
		A)	Bain; James Mill; Hartley
		B)	Hobbes; Locke; Berkeley
		C)	Descartes; Leibniz; Kant
		D)	Aristotle; Descartes; Hume

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