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True or False
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1
There is no difference in action potentials produced in sensory receptors.
A)True
B)False
2
Not all chemoreceptors are exteroreceptors.
A)True
B)False
3
Nerve endings specialized for detecting painful stimuli are known as nocioceptors.
A)True
B)False
4
Phasic receptors react only at the onset of a stimulus, and quickly stop reacting even if the stimulus continues.
A)True
B)False
5
Nerve impulses from a touch receptor will be interpreted as touch whether the receptor is being stimulated by touch, pressure, vibration, or any other stimulus.
A)True
B)False
6
Generator (receptor) potentials are graded potentials that are proportional to the duration and intensity of a stimulus.
A)True
B)False
7
The phasic response of a pacinian corpuscle is due to the nature of the connective tissue wrapping around the nerve fiber, not to properties of the fiber itself.
A)True
B)False
8
Afferent, somatesthetic nerve fibers from proprioceptors and pressure receptors synapse in the spinal cord prior to reaching the brain.
A)True
B)False
9
The afferent (sensory) nerve fibers that originate in the thalamus synapse on the soma of cells in the postcentral gyrus.
A)True
B)False
10
Large areas of the postcentral gyrus are devoted to sensory information from large areas of the body (such as the chest or back), and smaller areas to information from smaller parts of the body (such as the fingers).
A)True
B)False
11
Neurons that have the smallest receptive fields are found in the areas of the skin that is most sensitive.
A)True
B)False
12
Two points of contact will be felt as one unless they fall within the receptive fields of different neurons.
A)True
B)False
13
The sense of taste requires molecules dissolved in saliva to bind to the sensory neurons of the taste buds.
A)True
B)False
14
Molecules that are perceived as being bitter stimulate G-coupled receptors known as gustducins.
A)True
B)False
15
Most acids molecules taste sweet.
A)True
B)False
16
Although the sense of taste is not well understood, it appears that those molecules that do have a taste act by stimulating the production of cAMP as a second messenger.
A)True
B)False
17
Olfactory stimuli, like other senses, have nerve tracts that synapse in the thalamus en route to interpretation.
A)True
B)False
18
Odors cannot be classified into a small number of modalities like the four primary tissues.
A)True
B)False
19
The vertical acceleration produced by riding in an elevator is detected by receptors in the saccule.
A)True
B)False
20
Specialized sensory receptors like photoreceptors can secrete neurotransmitters.
A)True
B)False
21
Calcium carbonate crystals serve to increase the inertia of cupula within the semicircular canals.
A)True
B)False
22
Hair cells of the semicircular canals are stimulated by the inertia of the endolymph in the semicircular canals.
A)True
B)False
23
The pitch of a sound is a function of its decibels.
A)True
B)False
24
A sound of zero decibels cannot be heard and is considered infrasonic.
A)True
B)False
25
A sound of 10 dB is 50 times as loud, and a sound of 50 dB is 500 times as loud, as the threshold of hearing which is at 0 dB.
A)True
B)False
26
Sound waves are channeled by the pinna into and along the auditory tube to the tympanic membrane.
A)True
B)False
27
The tensor tympani muscle helps to dampen the vibrations of the auditory ossicles when an extremely loud sound is being detected.
A)True
B)False
28
Contraction of the stapedius muscle helps to amplify vibrations of the eardrum as they are transferred to the oval window.
A)True
B)False
29
Contraction of the tensor tympani allow the auditory tube to open so pressure can be equalized between the middle and outer ear.
A)True
B)False
30
The scala vestibuli and scala tympani are filled with endolymph.
A)True
B)False
31
Compression of the endolymph allows the mechanical activity of the auditory ossicles to transfer the energy in the sound waves to the tympanic membrane.
A)True
B)False
32
The more the stereocilia of cochlear hair cells are bent, the louder a sound is perceived.
A)True
B)False
33
Sounds of higher frequency cause more stereocilia to bend than do sounds of lower frequency.
A)True
B)False
34
Sounds of different pitch stimulates different regions of the auditory cortex.
A)True
B)False
35
The sense of hearing declines with age faster in men than in women.
A)True
B)False
36
Conduction deafness is due to failure of the hair cells to generate action potentials, or failure of the action potentials to be conducted to the auditory cortex.
A)True
B)False
37
The human retina is not sensitive to ultraviolet light.
A)True
B)False
38
Electromagnetic radiation of long wavelengths has less energy than radiation with shorter wavelengths.
A)True
B)False
39
The posterior chamber of the eye is occupied by the vitreous body.
A)True
B)False
40
Brown and black eye colors are due to the pigment melanin in the iris and blue eye color is due to the pigment anthocyanin in the iris.
A)True
B)False
41
Zonular fibers attach the lens to the ciliary body of the eye, forming a suspensory ligament that supports the lens.
A)True
B)False
42
Vision depends primarily on the refraction of light rays by the cornea.
A)True
B)False
43
The right half of the visual field projects onto the retina of the left eye, and the left half of the visual field projects onto the retina of the right eye.
A)True
B)False
44
As an object is brought closer to the eye, the curvature of the lens must increase to keep it focused on the retina.
A)True
B)False
45
The ciliary body (muscle) puts the least tension on the lens when its muscle is relaxed.
A)True
B)False
46
Presbyopia results from the thickening of the lenses of the eyes due to aging.
A)True
B)False
47
Hyperopia is due to eyeballs that are too short for the focal length of the lens.
A)True
B)False
48
Within the retina, the optic disc is the area of greatest visual acuity.
A)True
B)False
49
Visual purple gets its name from the fact that it absorbs best in the violet to blue part of the color spectrum.
A)True
B)False
50
Rod and cone photoreceptor cells produce graded potentials but not action potentials.
A)True
B)False
51
The ability to see in the dark is primarily a function of the rods.
A)True
B)False
52
Color blindness is caused by a gene on the X chromosome, and since women have two X chromosomes, they are more likely than men to be color blind.
A)True
B)False
53
A person who genetically lacks red cones is known as a monochromat and will see everything in shades of green.
A)True
B)False
54
The blue, green, and red cones absorb different wavelengths of light because they have different opsins.
A)True
B)False
55
The eyes have the greatest number of cones and the sharpest visual acuity at the optic disc.
A)True
B)False
56
The least neuronal convergence, and therefore greatest visual acuity, occurs within the retina at the fovea centralis.
A)True
B)False
57
The areas of the retina with the most neuronal convergence are most responsive in dim light.
A)True
B)False
58
All the impulses from the left eye are transmitted to the right visual cortex, and all the impulses from the right eye are transmitted to the left visual cortex.
A)True
B)False
59
In response to the photodissociation reaction sodium ion channels in photoreceptors close.
A)True
B)False
60
The lateral geniculate nucleus has separate layers of neurons for input from the right and left eyes.
A)True
B)False
61
Eye movements are regulated by nerve fibers from the lateral geniculate nucleus.
A)True
B)False
62
Responses of on-center and off-center receptive fields are complementary to each other.
A)True
B)False





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