 |  Doing Philosophy: An Introduction Through Thought Experiments, 2/e Theodore Schick,
Muhlenberg College
Lewis Vaughn
The Problem of Relativism and Morality
TheoriesEmotivism
| Emotive Theory of Ethics
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=551905&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Noncognitivism
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/n/noncogni.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Non-cognitivism
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-cognitivism)
Wikipedia article | | | | Emotivism
(http://www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/emotivism.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet |
Cultural Relativism
| Moral Relativism
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/m/m-relati.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Ethical Relativism
(http://www.ccaurora.edu/phi112/relativism.htm)
Outline lecture notes by Sharon Janusz (Community College of Aurora) | | | | Ethical Relativism
(http://www.nwmissouri.edu/~rfield/274overview.html#ethical%20relativism)
Detailed discussion of the implications of individual and cultural relativism by Richard Field (Northwest Missouri State University) | | | | Relativism
(http://www.friesian.com/relative.htm)
Detailed discussion by Kelley Ross (Friesian School Proceedings) | | | | Ethical Relativism
(http://www.scu.edu/SCU/Centers/Ethics/publications/iie/v5n2/relativism.html)
Article by Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez from Issues in Ethics, 1992; summarizes and criticizes ethical relativism | | | | The Myth of Moral Relativism
(http://radicalacademy.com/ethicsmyth.htm)
Essay criticizing ethical relativism by Dr. Jonathan Dolhenty (The Radical Academy) | | | | Philosophical problems with moral relativism
(http://www.equip.org/free/DA241.htm)
Article by Francis J. Beckwith (CRI) | | | | Relativism
(http://www.carm.org/relativism.htm)
Criticism of various sorts of relativism, including ethical relativism from a Christian perspective (CARN) | | | | Famous cultural relativists
(http://www.quantonics.com/Famous_CRites.html)
List of ethical relativists from Quantonics | | | | The Truth in Ethical Relativism
(http://www.etsu.edu/philos/faculty/hugh/relative.htm)
Article by Hugh LaFollette (East Tennessee State University) from Journal of Social Philosophy, 1991 | | | | The Moral Attractions of Relativism: A Critique
(http://www.stier.net/writing/rel/rel.htm)
In-depth essay by Mark Stier (Temple University) | | | | Ethical Relativism, Universalism, Absolutism
(http://www.tamucc.edu/~sencerz/relat.htm)
Overview of various positions and several arguments for them by Stefan Sencerz and Andy Piker (Texas A&M) | | | | Ethical Relativism, Absolutism, and Pluralism
(http://ethics.acusd.edu/presentations/Theory/Relativism/index_files/frame.html)
PowerPoint presentation by Lawrence Hinman (University of San Diego) |
Divine Command Theory
| Divine Command Theory
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/d/divineco.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Nonconsequentialist Theories of Obligation
(http://www.hu.mtu.edu/~tlockha/h2700nonconsequentialism.doc)
Overview of divine command theory, natural law theory, and Kant's ethical theory by Ted Lockhart (Michigan Tech University) | | | | The Divine Command Theory of Ethics
(http://www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/divinecommand.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet | | | | Divine Command Theory
(http://www.public.iastate.edu/~ltorrago/2divine-command.html)
Lecture notes by Loretto Torrago (Iowa State University) | | | | Morality Requires God... or Does It?
(http://www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/schick_17_3.html)
Article by Theodore Schick, Jr. for Free Inquiry magazine |
Egoism
| Egoism
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/e/egoism.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Egoism
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05328a.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article | | | | Egoism/hedonism
(http://www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/egoism.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet | | | | Ethical egoism
(http://www.mit.edu/~shaslang/2400-01/egoism01.html)
Overview notes by Sally Haslanger (MIT) | | | | Egoism
(http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~ghh/319/Lecture02.html)
Lecture notes on various sorts of egoism by Gil Harman (Princeton University) | | | | Varieties of Egoism
(http://truth.wofford.edu/~kaycd/ethics/egoism.htm)
Lecture notes distinguishing between psychological and ethical egoism by Charles D. Kay (Wofford College) | | | | Varieties of Egoism and Hedonism
(http://faculty.washington.edu/wtalbott/phil240/trego.htm)
Overview and discussion of related arguments by William J. Talbott (University of Washington) | | | | A Survey of Selected Internet Resources on Ethical Egoism
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Egoism/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego) | | | | Egoism
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/e.htm#ego)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling |
Act-Utilitarianism
| Utilitarianism
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=553788&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism)
Wikipedia article | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15241c.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://www.mit.edu/~shaslang/2400-01/util(mill)01.html)
Overview notes by Sally Haslanger (MIT) | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/utilitarianism.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet | | | | Notes on Utilitarianism
(http://truth.wofford.edu/~kaycd/ethics/util.htm)
Overview discussion by Charles D. Kay (Wofford College) | | | | Mill's Ethics
(http://philosophy.ucdavis.edu/phi001/millec.htm)
Lecture notes from a 1994 intro to philosophy course by G. J. Mattey (UC Davis) | | | | John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism
(http://www.fred.net/tzaka/mill.html)
Reflections by Gordon L. Ziniewicz | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://core.ecu.edu/phil/mccartyr/1175/util1.htm)
Lecture notes by Prof. McCartyr (East Carolina University) | | | | Philosophy 361 Course Materials: Lectures on Mill's Utilitarianism
(http://www-personal.umich.edu/~sdarwall/Phil361b.html)
Lecture notes for an ethics course, including 5 on Mill's ethics, by Szephen Darwall (University of Michigan) | | | | Utilitarian.org
(http://utilitarian.org/one.html)
Collection of links on utilitarianism with focus on altruistic implications | | | | Utilitarianism
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Utilitarianism/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego) | | | | Greatest Happiness Principle
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/g9.htm#grhp)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling |
Rule Utilitarianism
| Rule Utilitarianism
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/r/ruleutil.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Rule utilitarianism
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/r9.htm#rulu)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling |
Categorical Imperative
| Categorical Imperative
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=551550&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Immanuel Kant: Metaphysics
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/k/kantmeta.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article covering both Kant's theoretical philosophy and his moral philosophy | | | | Immanuel Kant and the Categorical Imperative
(http://www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/catergoricalimperative.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet | | | | Kantian ethics
(http://www.mit.edu/~shaslang/2400-01/kanteth01.html)
Overview notes by Sally Haslanger (MIT) | | | | Kant's ethics
(http://core.ecu.edu/phil/mccartyr/1175/kant.htm)
Lecture notes by Prof. McCartyr (East Carolina University) | | | | Lecture Notes on Background to Kant
(http://www.owecc.net/stevecarden/kant/notes-bg.htm)
Lecture notes on Kant's ethics by Stephen Carden (Owensboro Community College) | | | | Notes on the 2nd Form of the Categorical Imperative
(http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/ap85/051/2ndcatimp.html)
Lecture notes on Kant's notion of respect by Alexander R. Pruss (Georgetown University) | | | | Kant and Kantian Ethics
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Kant/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego) |
Pluralistic Formalism
| Deontological Ethics
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=551787&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Ross, W. D.
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/r9.htm#ross)
Brief biography by Garth Kemerling | | | | W. D. Ross' Moral Theory
(http://www.hu.mtu.edu/~tlockha/hu329ov8.htm)
Lecture notes by Ted Lockhart (Michigan Tech University) | | | | Ross
(http://www.jcu.edu/philosophy/gensler/ms/ross--00.htm)
Discussion of key elements of Ross' moral theory by Harry J. Gensler (John Carroll University) | | | | Sir David Ross' Pluralistic Theory of Duty (The Beginnings)
(http://www.manitowoc.uwc.edu/staff/awhite/ken95.htm)
In-depth discussion by Ken Cooley (University of Wisconsin) |
Contractarianism
| Contractarianism
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractarianism/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Original Position
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/original-position/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on Rawls' notion of the original position | | | | John Rawls
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=553342&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Justice as Fairness
(http://truth.wofford.edu/~kaycd/ethics/justice.htm)
Overview discussion of Rawls' theory of justice by Charles D. Kay (Wofford College) | | | | Notes on John Rawls
(http://infotech.fanshawec.on.ca/faculty/jedicke/rawls.htm)
Overview of major themes by Peter Jedicke (Fanshawe College) | | | | Rawls: The Original Position
(http://www.humanities.mq.edu.au/Ockham/y64l13.html)
Lecture by R. J. Kilcullen (Macquarie University) | | | | John Rawls: Liberty
(http://www.humanities.mq.edu.au/politics/y64l15.html)
Lecture by R. J. Kilcullen (Macquarie University) | | | | Justice as Fairness: Rawls Part I
(http://www.public.iastate.edu/~ltorrago/rawls.html)
Lecture notes by Loretto Torrago (Iowa State University) | | | | Justice as Fairness: Rawls Part II
(http://www.public.iastate.edu/~ltorrago/rawls2.html)
Lecture notes by Loretto Torrago (Iowa State University) | | | | The Original Position and the Difference Principle
(http://web.mit.edu/polisci/research/cohen/originalanddp.html)
Lecture notes by Joshua Cohen (MIT) | | | | Lecture 9 Communitarian Critiques of Liberalism
(http://info.bris.ac.uk/~plcdib/lect9.html)
Lecture on some criticisms of Rawls' general approach by Chris Bertram (University of Bristol) |
Libertarianism
| Libertarianism
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=552619&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy Article | | | | Libertarianism
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/libertarianism/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Libertarian.org
(http://www.libertarian.org/)
Collection of articles on libertarianism | | | | Critiques of Libertarianism
(http://world.std.com/~mhuben/libindex.html)
Collection of articles against libertarianism | | | | Libertarianism: A Primer
(http://www.libertarianism.org/)
On-line book about libertarianism by David Boaz | | | | The Libertarian FAQ
(http://www.self-gov.org/libfaq.html)
Frequently asked questions about libertarianism | | | | What is Libertarianism?
(http://www.quebecoislibre.org/philo2.htm)
Article by Martin Masse | | | | The Strange Rise of Libertarianism
(http://www.salon.com/jan97/state970120.html)
Salon.com article by Gary Kamiya | | | | Nozick and Libertarianism
(http://www.emich.edu/public/history/moore/phil100/nozick_libertarianism.htm)
Overview of Nozick's libertarianism by Adam Moore (Eastern Michigan University) |
Virtue Ethics
| Virtues
(http://www.xrefer.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=553824&secid=.-&hh=1)
Oxford Companion to Philosophy article | | | | Integrity
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/integrity/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Virtue Theory
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/v/virtue.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article | | | | Ethics and Virtue
(http://www.scu.edu/SCU/Centers/Ethics/practicing/decision/ethicsandvirtue.html)
Overview of virtue ethics from the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics (Santa Clara University) | | | | Virtue of ethics and core values
(http://www.usafa.af.mil/jscope/JSCOPE99/Tiel99.html)
Detailed discussion of virtue ethics, criticisms virtue ethicists make of other ethical theories, problematic and advantageous aspects of virtue ethics, etc. by Jeffrey R. Tiel (Ashland University) | | | | Virtue Ethics and Leadership
(http://www.usafa.af.mil/jscope/JSCOPE98/PFAFF98.htm)
Essay discussing how virtue ethics can help ground leadership in a way that utilitarian and rule-based theories can't; by Cpt. Charles A. Pfaff (West Point) | | | | Virtue Ethics Without Character Traits
(http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~ghh/Thomson.html)
Article relating deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics by Gil Harman (Princeton University) | | | | The Search for Happiness: A Brief Introduction to Ethics
(http://radicalacademy.com/philindex4.htm)
Series of essays on virtues from a fundamentally Aristotelian perspective by Dr. Jonathan Dolhenty (The Radical Academy) | | | | Literature on Aristotle and Virtue Ethics
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Aristotle/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego) | | | | Virtue
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/v9.htm#virtue)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling |
|
2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education