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1

English physician Archibald Garrod was the first to link inheritance and _________.
A)DNA
B)nucleic acids
C)RNA
D)protein
2

What did Frederick Griffith’s 1928 experiments with a pneumonia-causing bacterium and mice show?
A)a biochemical in a killer strain of bacteria can make a non-killing strain deadly
B)a “transforming principle” was protein
C)mice can become immune to pneumonia
D)All of these are correct.
3

Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty confirmed the hypothesis that DNA was the genetic material by inoculating mice with ___________.
A)heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice died
B)heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice lived
C)heat-killed type R bacterial DNA and live type S bacteria –mice lived
D)heat-killed type S bacterial DNA and live type R bacteria –mice died
4

The scientist(s) that confirmed that DNA was the hereditary material was (were) ___________.
A)Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
B)Hammerling
C)Griffith
D)Hershey and Chase
5

In the experiments of Hershey and Chase, DNA was shown to be the material transmitted from the virus to the bacterium because _____________.
A)protein contains sulfur but DNA does not
B)DNA contains phosphorus but protein does not
C)radioactivity came from the phosphorus
D)All of these are correct.
6

Which scientist found that DNA contains equal amounts of A and T and equal amounts of C and G?
A)Martha Chase
B)Erwin Chargaff
C)Rosalind Franklin
D)James Watson
7

James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with determining _______________ in 1953.
A)the nature of base-pairing in DNA
B)the chemical composition of DNA
C)the three-dimensional structure of DNA
D)DNA is located in the nucleus
8

DNA contains ____________.
A)ribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
B)deoxyribose, uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
C)ribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
D)deoxyribose, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, phosphate
9

What portion of the DNA molecule actually encodes the genetic information?
A)DNA base sequences
B)sugar-phosphate backbone
C)number of hydrogen bonds
D)three-dimensional structure
10

What is a nucleosome?
A)a mutation in a base pair
B)a combination of enzymes that regulates gene activity
C)DNA base pairs wrapped around histones
D)an unusual sequence of bases that act as a start position for gene activity
11

True or false. Histones are unique to eukaryotes.
A)True
B)False
12

The two strands of DNA run opposite to each other. This is termed _____________.
A)complementarity
B)antiparallelism
C)semi-conservative
D)conservative
13

The hypothesis of DNA replication that proposed one strand serves as a template for the replication of a new strand was called ______________.
A)dispersive
B)conservative
C)semi-conservative
D)complementarity
14

Enzymes that unwind and hold apart replicating DNA are ___________.
A)polymerases
B)ligases
C)helicases
D)kinases
15

True or false. A replicating chromosome has only one replication fork at a time.
A)True
B)False
16

Replication occurs in 5’ to 3’ direction. What is the name of the short pieces of the discontinuous strand?
A)RNA primers
B)DNA primers
C)Okazaki fragments
D)nucleotides
17

Gene amplification is a term describing the technique called ____________.
A)polymerase chain reaction
B)assisted reproductive technologies
C)recombinant DNA technology
D)genetic engineering
18

Polymerase chain reaction can be used in which of the following fields?
A)genetic engineering
B)forensics
C)ecology
D)archaeology
E)All of these are correct.
19

Which of the following nucleotides is particularly sensitive to ultraviolet radiation?
A)adenine
B)thymine
C)guanine
D)cytosine
20

Which mode of DNA repair corrects small loops where complementary strands of DNA are not precisely aligned?
A)photoreactivation
B)excision repair
C)proofreading
D)mismatch repair







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