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| 1 | |
Charles Richet received the Nobel Prize in 1913 for his discovery of: |
| | A) | prophylaxis. |
| | B) | immunity. |
| | C) | immunodeficiency. |
| | D) | hypersensitivity. |
| | E) | autoimmunity. |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following sets of terms is mismatched? |
| | A) | autoimmune disease - target self-antigens. |
| | B) | hypersensitivity - immunity that causes tissue damage. |
| | C) | immunodeficiency - inadequate immunity. |
| | D) | anaphylaxis - prevention of disease. |
| | E) | All are correct. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is not a type of hypersensitivity? |
| | A) | cytotoxic. |
| | B) | delayed cell-mediated. |
| | C) | immediate IgE-mediated. |
| | D) | immune complex-mediated. |
| | E) | humoral. |
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| 4 | |
The symptoms of Type I hypersensitivity include all of the following except: |
| | A) | asthma. |
| | B) | anaphylatic shock. |
| | C) | hives. |
| | D) | kidney damage. |
| | E) | rhinitis. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following statements about generalized anaphylaxis is FALSE? |
| | A) | It is an IgE-mediated allergy. |
| | B) | Prevention involves injecting the person with the antigen. |
| | C) | It may be fatal in minutes. |
| | D) | Most cases are caused by peanuts, bee stings, and penicillin injections. |
| | E) | All are correct. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following statements about Type II hypersensitivity is FALSE? |
| | A) | It causes transfusion reactions. |
| | B) | It causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. |
| | C) | Cells are destroyed by complement-fixing antibodies or antibody-dependent cellular cytoxicity. |
| | D) | IgE, IgG, and IgM are involved. |
| | E) | All of the above are correct. |
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| 7 | |
The TB skin test is based on: |
| | A) | Type I hypersensitivity. |
| | B) | Type II hypersensitivity. |
| | C) | Type III hypersensitivity. |
| | D) | Type IV hypersensitivity. |
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| 8 | |
All of the following diseases result from immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity except: |
| | A) | Arthus reaction. |
| | B) | contact dermatitis. |
| | C) | disseminated intravascular coagulation. |
| | D) | glomerulonephritis. |
| | E) | serum sickness. |
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| 9 | |
How long are immunosuppressive agents administered to transplant patients? |
| | A) | 2 weeks. |
| | B) | 2 months. |
| | C) | 6 months. |
| | D) | 1 year. |
| | E) | for the rest of their lives |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following statements about immunodeficiencies is FALSE? |
| | A) | Primary immunodeficiency results from genetic or developmental problems. |
| | B) | Secondary immunodeficiency results from infection or environmental influences. |
| | C) | Children with DiGeorge's syndrome have no T cells. |
| | D) | Selective IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency. |
| | E) | All are correct. |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following is not a genetic cause of SCID? |
| | A) | lack of adenosine deaminase. |
| | B) | altered IL-2 receptor. |
| | C) | defect in the enzyme necessary for V, D, and J chain recombination. |
| | D) | hereditary angioneurotic edema. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
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| 12 | |
Secondary immunodeficiency may result from all of the following except: |
| | A) | viral infection. |
| | B) | age. |
| | C) | malignancies. |
| | D) | All of the above cause secondary immunodeficiency. |
| | E) | None of the above causes secondary immunodeficiency. |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? |
| | A) | lupus. |
| | B) | myasthenia gravis. |
| | C) | insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| | D) | rheumatoid arthritis. |
| | E) | osteoarthritis. |
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| 14 | |
All of the following are treatments for autoimmune diseases except: |
| | A) | feeding tolerance. |
| | B) | cyclosporin. |
| | C) | steroids. |
| | D) | replacement therapy. |
| | E) | All of the above are treatments. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following statements about stem cells is FALSE? |
| | A) | Stem cells come from fetal material. |
| | B) | Stem cells have an almost unlimited capacity to divide. |
| | C) | Stem cells can differentiate into most types of tissue in the body. |
| | D) | Stem cells could replace nerve tissue. |
| | E) | All of the above are true. |
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| 16 | |
People with blood type ____ are theoretically able to donate blood to anyone. |
| | A) | A. |
| | B) | B. |
| | C) | AB. |
| | D) | O. |
| | E) | None of the above. |
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| 17 | |
People with blood type ____ are only able to donate blood to people with the same type of blood. |
| | A) | A. |
| | B) | B. |
| | C) | AB. |
| | D) | O. |
| | E) | None of the above. |
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| 18 | |
Which type of hypersensitivity does not involve antibodies? |
| | A) | Type I. |
| | B) | Type II. |
| | C) | Type III. |
| | D) | Type IV. |
| | E) | All of the above involve antibodies. |
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| 19 | |
Which type of hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies? |
| | A) | Type I. |
| | B) | Type II. |
| | C) | Type III. |
| | D) | Type IV. |
| | E) | All of the above involve IgE antibodies. |
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| 20 | |
Which type of hypersensitivity does not cause a skin reaction? |
| | A) | Type I. |
| | B) | Type II. |
| | C) | Type III. |
| | D) | Type IV. |
| | E) | All of the above cause skin reactions. |
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| 21 | |
What is the best explanation for the fact that many herbal remedies for allergies actually make a person more sensitive to allergens? |
| | A) | Herbs inhibit neutrophils. |
| | B) | Herbs inhibit basophils. |
| | C) | Herbs are known to contain many allergens. |
| | D) | IgM is stimulated by herbs. |
| | E) | NK cells are stimulated by herbs. |
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| 22 | |
Twenty-two female tourists visiting Indonesia broke out with severe blisters and rashes mostly on the ear lobes, fingers, and lips. Eighteen of these people had smaller patches of blisters on various body parts. No males were affected. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this outbreak of problems? |
| | A) | Contact hypersensitivity from soup cups made out of coconut shells. |
| | B) | Contact hypersensitivity from earrings made of cashew husks. |
| | C) | Delayed hypersensitivity due to fungi in the environment. |
| | D) | Allergic rhinitis from pollen of tropical plants. |
| | E) | Urticaria from handling lobsters at a restaurant. |
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| 23 | |
Emergency room personnel know that antihistamines are mostly useful when treating patients with the following type(s) of hypersensitivity: |
| | A) | Type I |
| | B) | Type II |
| | C) | Type III |
| | D) | Type IV |
| | E) | Types I & III |
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| 24 | |
Patients receiving organ transplants are more likely than other hospital patients to get regular bouts of respiratory and skin infections. What is the best explanation for this observation? |
| | A) | Bacteria and viruses from the donor are usually residing on the transplanted organs. |
| | B) | Transplant recipients develop immunosuppression after the surgery. |
| | C) | Blood given during the surgery overworks the immune system. |
| | D) | Autoimmune attack of the organs leaves little time for the immune system to fight disease. |
| | E) | Antirejection drugs weaken the immune system. |
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| 25 | |
Some scientists believe that certain pollutants such as ozone are capable of inducing autoimmune disease in people. What would be the most accurate rationale for their concern? |
| | A) | Ozone alters cellular proteins, making them subject to autoantibody attack. |
| | B) | Ozone is chemically similar to other body chemicals, causing the formation of autoantibodies. |
| | C) | Ozone causes so much cell damage that the body produces autoantibodies. |
| | D) | Ozone is a hapten and thus stimulates autoantibody production. |
| | E) | Ozone binds to DNA and thus stimulates autoantibody production. |
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